跨境生成式人工智能服务贸易的障碍与中国因应  

Obstacles to Cross-Border Trade in Generative AI Services and China's Responses

作　　者：马其家[1] 冯慧敏 MA Qijia;FENG Huimin

机构地区：[1]对外经济贸易大学法学院,北京100029

出　　处：《亚太经济》2024年第5期88-99,共12页Asia-Pacific Economic Review

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“数字经济时代平台企业滥用数据优势的反垄断法规制研究”(21BFX114);北京市社会科学基金重点项目“北京推动数据跨境交易中面临的监管问题及制度因应”(23FXA001);对外经济贸易大学研究生科研创新基金资助项目“跨境生成式人工智能服务贸易法律问题研究”(202451)。

摘　　要：作为新质生产力的代表,生成式人工智能技术以颠覆性创新方式为对外服务贸易的高质量发展注入了新动力。然而,数据、算法、算力、生成信息等要素的负面效应,算法管理、公平竞争、知识产权保护制度的国别差异,以及规制数据主权、列表模式和协定待遇的国际规则不健全,使跨境生成式人工智能服务贸易遭遇障碍。为此,中国应在支持与规制目标下促进数据流通、治理算法垄断、提升算力能力、规范信息内容,在发展与安全目标下构建算法管理、公平竞争、知识产权保护的开放型制度,并站在中国立场上积极参与和引领数据跨境流动、负面清单模式和非歧视待遇相关国际数字经贸规则的制定和供给。As a representative of new productive forces,generative artificial intelligence technology has injected new impetus into high-quality development of foreign trade in services with its disruptive innovation.However,the negative effects of data,algorithms,computing power,generated information and other factors,national differences in algorithm management,fair competition and intellectual property protection systems as well as the insufficient supply of international rules regulating data sovereignty,list models and agreement treatment,thus resulting in ostacles to cross-border trade in generated artificial intelligence services.To this end,China should promote data circulation,govern algorithm monopoly,improve computing power,standardize information content under the goals of support and regulation,build an open system for algorithm management,fair competition and intellectual property protection under the goals of development and security,and actively participate in and lead the formulation and supply of international digital economic and trade rules related to cross-border data flows,negative list models and non-discriminatory treatment from China's perspective.

关 键 词：生成式人工智能 服务贸易 贸易障碍 中国因应 

分 类 号：F752.6[经济管理—国际贸易]