氮杂环卡宾催化醛类化合物的极性反转  

N-Heterocyclic Carbene Catalyzed the Umpolung of Aldehyde Compounds

作　　者：赵明 颜瑞 陈虎[1] Zhao Ming;Yan Rui;Chen Hu(College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering,Hefei Normal University,Hefei 230601;School of Chemistry and Materials Science,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026)

机构地区：[1]合肥师范学院化学与制药工程学院,合肥230601 [2]中国科学技术大学化学与材料科学学院,合肥230026

出　　处：《有机化学》2024年第7期2204-2215,共12页Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry

基　　金：安徽省高校自然科学基金(No.2022AH052165);安徽省科技重大专项(No.201903a07020003);合肥师范学院高层次人才科研启动基金(No.2020rcjj35);合肥师范学院自然科学重点(No.2021KJZD10)资助项目。

摘　　要：醛类化合物是一类重要的有机化合物,广泛用于有机合成中.其典型反应是作为亲电试剂与各种亲核试剂发生加成反应.羰基的亲电性限制了醛类化合物在合成中的进一步应用和发展.自从化学家发现氰根离子能够改变苯甲醛的反应极性,极性反转的策略备受关注.氮杂环卡宾是一类重要的有机小分子催化剂,在有机催化领域扮演着重要的角色.在氮杂环卡宾催化醛类化合物的极性反转方面研究,取得了一系列重要研究进展.系统介绍了氮杂环卡宾催化醛类化合物的极性反转,总结了极性反转碳原子的位置以及极性反转后发生的反应,旨在引起化学工作者对该领域有更多的关注,发展氮杂环卡宾催化的新模式、新反应.Aldehyde compounds are a class of important organic compounds,which are widely used in organic synthesis.The typical reaction of aldehydes is the addition reaction with various nucleophiles as electrophiles.However,the electrophilicity of aldehyde carbonyl group limits the further application and development of aldehydes in synthesis.Since chemists discov-ered that cyanogen ions can change the reaction polarity of benzaldehyde,the strategy of umpolung has attracted much attention.N-Heterocyclic carbene(NHC)is a kind of important small organic molecule catalyst,which plays a key role in the field of organic catalysis.A series of important advances have been made in the study of the umpolung of aldehyde compounds catalyzed by NHC.The umpolung of aldehydes catalyzed by NHCs is introduced,and the positions of carbon atoms and the reactions of umpolung are summarized with the purpose of attracting much attention to this research field,and the development of new models and reactions within NHC catalysis.

关 键 词：氮杂环卡宾 有机催化 醛 极性反转 

分 类 号：O621.251[理学—有机化学]