The Role of the Spatial Network in Urban Disaster Risk Variations:Reimagining the Notion of Spatial Vulnerability at the Urban Scale  

作　　者：Monia Del Pinto Ksenia Chmutina Falli Palaiologou Lee Bosher 

机构地区：[1]School of Architecture,Building and Civil Engineering,Loughborough University,Loughborough,LE113TU,UK [2]School of Business,University of Leicester,Leicester LE17RH,UK

出　　处：《International Journal of Disaster Risk Science》2024年第3期303-316,共14页国际灾害风险科学学报（英文版）

摘　　要：The notion of“spatial vulnerability”is present in most disaster studies with a strong geographical connotation and accordingly is adopted at all scales,including the urban.While enabling mapping and visualizing risk patterns at macroscales,this geocentric foundation fails to capture disaster risk dynamics associated with the urban spatial network—an element that plays a significant role in the everyday and emergency functioning of cities,enabling users'movement and interaction.Yet,urban vulnerability assessment overlooks this aspect and thus leaves urban disaster risk mechanisms partially unexplored.This study investigated the role of the network of urban public open spaces(UPOS)in the creation and progression of urban disaster risk in earthquake-prone settlements.Through a multimethod approach that integrates quantitative and qualitative methods and explores spatial configuration,planning policies,and practices of use of UPOS in everyday and emergency scenarios,our study demonstrated that UPOS configuration plays an active role in urban disaster risk.Urban public open spaces impact risk by influencing the exposure of pedestrians and their capacity for self-protection.The study further reconceptualized spatial vulnerability at the urban scale,as the fraction of vulnerability associated to the spatial network,highlighting the interplay of planning policies and spatial practices in its production and progression.Our findings make the notion of spatial vulnerability less ambiguous at the urban scale,by viewing the variable as an imbalance in capacities and exposure that generates spatially unsafe conditions.This refined conceptualization of spatial vulnerability becomes a lens for a more granular approach to urban disaster risk reduction and city planning by identifying and integrating sociospatial considerations.

关 键 词：Central Italy Earthquakes Pedestrian evacuation-Space syntax Spatial vulnerability.Urban disaster risk 

分 类 号：TU984.116[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]