复合纳米纤维水凝胶的制备及太阳能海水淡化性能  

Preparation and solar desalination properties of composite nanofibrous hydrogel

作　　者：吕博雯 王福贞 宋成文[1] 徐源潞 范新飞 LYU Bowen;WANG Fuzhen;SONG Chengwen;XU Yuanlu;FAN Xinfei(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Dalian Maritime University,Dalian 116026,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海事大学环境科学与工程学院,辽宁大连116026

出　　处：《高校化学工程学报》2024年第5期814-822,共9页Journal of Chemical Engineering of Chinese Universities

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51708085);大连市科技创新基金(2021JJ12SN43);工业生态与环境工程教育部重点实验室开放基金(KLIEEE-22-06)。

摘　　要：为了改善太阳能海水淡化技术中蒸发界面的蒸发性能,提出利用基于静电纺丝和化学交联方法并负载高吸光能力的聚多巴胺优化设计一种高效聚多巴胺/聚乙烯醇复合纳米纤维水凝胶蒸发界面。对复合纳米纤维水凝胶蒸发界面的形貌、吸光能力等进行系统的表征和分析,同时考察了在水蒸发体系中的关键参数。结果表明,在一个标准太阳光强度下聚多巴胺/聚乙烯醇复合纳米纤维水凝胶蒸发界面具有高达1.74kg·(m^(2)·h)^(-1)的蒸发速率和82.2%的光热转换效率,同时还具有优异的耐盐性、耐久性和良好的自清洁性能。为开发面向海水淡化和废水净化提供淡水的高性能蒸发界面开辟了新的途径。In order to improve the evaporation performance of evaporators in solar desalination,an efficient polydopamine/polyvinyl alcohol composite nanofibrous hydrogel was optimized by electrospinning and simple chemical cross-linking method and then loaded with polydopamine which has high light absorption capacity.The surface morphology and light absorption capacity of the composite nanofibrous hydrogels were systematically characterized and analyzed,and the key parameters of nanofibrous hydrogels in water evaporation system were also investigated.The results show that the polydopamine/polyvinyl alcohol composite nanofibrous hydrogel has a good evaporation rate of 1.74kg·(m^(2)·h)^(-1) and a photothermal conversion efficiency of 82.2%under one standard solar intensity.Meanwhile,the nanofibrous hydrogel also has excellent salt resistance,durability and good self-cleaning performance.This study is helpful for the development of high-performance evaporators to provide fresh water through seawater desalination and wastewater purification.

关 键 词：太阳能海水淡化 静电纺丝 聚多巴胺 纳米纤维水凝胶 耐盐 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]