淬火温度对气瓶用Fe-Cr-Ni-Mo钢组织和力学性能的影响  

Effect of quenching temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of Fe-Cr-Ni-Mo steel for gas cylinder

作　　者：潘雪新[1] 胡小锋[1] 杨志荣 付鸿[1] 姜海昌[1] 张洋鹏 PAN Xuexin;HU Xiaofeng;YANG Zhirong;FU Hong;JIANG Haichang;ZHANG Yangpeng(Institute of Metal Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110016,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院金属研究所,沈阳110016

出　　处：《压力容器》2024年第8期1-8,共8页Pressure Vessel Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(52201147);中国科学院金属研究所创新基金项目(2022-PY13);高性能农机部件智能化制造技术的熟化验证项目(2022JH24/10200034)。

摘　　要：为了优化一种气瓶用Fe-Cr-Ni-Mo钢的淬火工艺,采用SEM,TEM,EBSD和拉伸、冲击等观察和检测手段,研究了淬火温度对一种气瓶用Fe-Cr-Ni-Mo钢微观组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,不同淬火温度处理后的合金钢,均呈现为板条马氏体组织,其碳化物析出和板条亚结构基本保持不变,而原始奥氏体晶粒则随淬火温度的提高而出现明显的粗化,由800℃的4.3µm长大到930,1200℃的29.6,371.1µm,同时有效晶粒尺寸(EGS)也逐渐增加,800,930,1200℃的EGS分别为0.60,1.20,3.22µm。淬火温度对合金钢的室温抗拉、屈服强度和断后伸长率影响较小,而随着淬火温度的提高,冲击吸收能量则出现了显著的下降,由800℃的119 J,下降到930,1200℃的68,38 J。EGS增大导致冲击断裂时出现解理断裂,是较高淬火温度合金钢冲击吸收能量下降的主要原因。淬火温度为800~860℃时,Fe-Cr-Ni-Mo钢具有良好的强韧性匹配,该研究结果对Fe-Cr-Ni-Mo钢制气瓶的工业化生产具有指导意义。In order to optimize the quenching process of Fe-Cr-Ni-Mo steel for gas cylinders,the influence of quenching temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties of a Fe-Cr-Ni-Mo steel for gas cylinders was studied by using SEM,TEM,EBSD,tensile and impact testing.The results show that the alloy steel quenched at different temperatures exhibit lath martensite and its carbide precipitation and lath substructure remain basically unchanged.Whereas with the increase of quenching temperature,the prior austenite grain(PAG)shows obvious coarsening,growing from 4.3μm at 800℃to 29.6μm and 371.1μm at 930℃and 1200℃,respectively.Meanwhile the effective grain size(EGS)also gradually increases,from 0.60μm at 800℃to 1.20 and 3.22μm at 930℃and 1200℃,respectively.The quenching temperature has little effect on the tensile strength,yield strength and elongation at room temperature of Fe-Cr-Ni-Mo steel.However,with the increase of quenching temperature,the impact energy shows a significant decrease,from 119 J at 800℃to 68 J and 38 J at 930℃and 1200℃,respectively.Increasing EGS leads to partial cleavage fracture during impact process,which is the main cause for decrease of impact energy of the alloy steel quenched at higher temperature.When the quenching temperature is 800~860℃,the Fe-Cr-Ni-Mo steel has excellent combination of strength and impact toughness.The research results have guiding significance for the industrial production of Fe-Cr-Ni-Mo steel gas cylinders.

关 键 词：气瓶 Fe-Cr-Ni-Mo钢 淬火温度 有效晶粒尺寸 力学性能 

分 类 号：TH49[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TH142.2[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TG142.1[金属学及工艺—金属材料]