5个宽体金线蛭种群遗传多样性和遗传分化的SNP分析  

SNP Analysis of Genetic Diversity and Genetic Differentiation of Whitmania pigra Populations

作　　者：高凯利 马学艳[2] 王海华[3] 李涵 李燕华[3] 金武[1,2] 闻海波[1,2] GAO Kaili;MA Xueyan;WANG Haihua;LI Han;LI Yanhua;JIN Wu;WEN Haibo(Wuxi Fishery College,Nanjing Agricultural University,Wuxi,Jiangsu 214128;Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Freshwater Fisheries Research Center,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Wuxi,Jiangsu 214081;Jiangxi Fisheries Research Institute,Nanchang Key Laboratory of Special Aquatic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture,Nanchang 330039)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学无锡渔业学院,江苏无锡214128 [2]中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心/农业农村部稻渔综合种养生态重点实验室,江苏无锡214081 [3]江西省水产科学研究所/南昌市特种水产繁育与健康养殖重点实验室,南昌330039

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2024年第29期144-149,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“中华绒螯蟹、克氏原螯虾、螺蛳大规格抗逆新品种培育”(2022YFD2400700);江西省重点研发计划“鄱阳湖区蚂蟥资源保护与产业化开发关键技术研究”(20212BBG73040)。

摘　　要：为了解宽体金线蛭(Whitmania pigra)群体的遗传特征,本研究使用单核苷酸多态性标记法对5个地点的宽体金钱蛭(W.pigra)群体(江西抚州AH、安徽太和TH、江西南昌JX、山东微山WSH、山东济南JN)进行遗传多样性和群体遗传结构分析。种群结构分析和主成分分析表明5个宽体金钱蛭种群可追溯至3个不同的种群来源。系统发育树分析结果显示AH种群与TH种群存在部分分支交叉,JX种群、WSH种群和JN种群单独成支。5个群体的成对FST值在0.03~0.20之间,群体两两之间遗传距离在0.03~0.22之间,单核苷酸多态性(π)为0.003974~0.004131,群体间遗传分化程度较低,多态性信息含量(PIC)的含量在0.16~0.20,观测杂合度(Ho)含量在0.18~0.27,近交系数(F)的含量值为-0.07912~0.09063,宽体金钱蛭5个群体有比较低的遗传多样性。Tajima's D值均值为正值,即群体处于稳定状态。群体间遗传变异主要来自群体内部,群体间具有较低的遗传多样性,推测可能是宽体金线蛭在养殖过程中进行了频繁的苗种移养或亲本引种。In order to understand the genetic characteristics of Whitmania pigra population,the genetic diversity and population genetic structure of W.pigra populations(AH:Jiangxi Fuzhou population,TH:Anhui Taihe population,JX:Jiangxi Nanchang population,WSH:Shandong Weishan population,JN:Shandong Jinan population)from five locations were analyzed by single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)markers.The results of the population structure analysis and principal component analysis showed that the five populations could be traced back to three different population sources.The results of phylogenetic tree analysis showed that AH population and TH population had partial branch crossover,and JX population,WSH population and JN population were divided into separate branches.The pairwise FST values of the five populations ranged from 0.03 to 0.20,the genetic distance between the two groups ranged from 0.03 to 0.22,the single nucleotide polymorphism(π)ranged from 0.003974 to 0.004131,and the degree of genetic differentiation between populations was low.The content of polymorphism information content ranged from 0.16 to 0.20,the content of observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.18 to 0.27,and the content of inbreeding coefficient ranged from-0.07912 to 0.09063.The mean value of Tajima's D value is positive,that is,the group is in a stable state.The genetic variation among populations mainly comes from within the population,and there is low genetic diversity among populations.It is speculated that it may be that W.pigra has carried out frequent seedling transfer or parental introduction during the breeding process.

关 键 词：宽体金线蛭 单核苷酸多态性 遗传分化 遗传多样性 群体结构 群体遗传学 遗传育种 系统发育树 

分 类 号：S937.3[农业科学—渔业资源]