解钾菌在促进烟草生长及提高抗逆性方面的应用研究进展  

Progress in the Application of Potassium-Solubilizing Bacteria in Promoting Tobacco Growth and Enhancing Stress Resistance

作　　者：杜玉海 赵宗鹏 王飞 刘丽丽 张训霞 马军 林兵 马蒙蒙 张强[2] DU Yuhai;ZHAO Zongpeng;WANG Fei;LIU Lili;ZHANG Xunxia;MA Jun;LIN Bing;MA Mengmeng;ZHANG Qiang(Linqu Branch of Shandong Weifang Tobacco Company,Weifang,Shandong 262699;College of Plant Protection,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai'an,Shandong 271018)

机构地区：[1]山东潍坊烟草公司临朐分公司,山东潍坊262699 [2]山东农业大学植物保护学院,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2024年第30期26-32,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金“双子叶植物新型双CRISPR/Cas9高通量多基因编辑工具的创制及优化”(ZR202211230214);山东潍坊烟草有限公司科技项目“基于高效解钾菌为核心的微生物菌肥的筛选与应用”(2024-34)。

摘　　要：为推动农业向绿色可持续发展转型,进一步探讨解钾菌在现代农业中的应用,本研究综合分析了解钾菌的解钾机制及其在土壤改良和植物营养提升方面的作用。解钾菌是一类能够分解硅酸盐类原生矿物的微生物,其通过改变矿物质的表面结构,将土壤中的难溶性钾转化为植物可吸收的有效钾,对于改善土壤环境、提高土壤肥力具有重要的作用。在烟草生产中,解钾菌通过分解土壤中的硅铝酸盐矿物,释放出钾元素,优化烟草的生长条件,从而提高烟草产量和品质。在逆境条件下,解钾菌通过提高植物的养分吸收能力和调节植物内部的生理过程,来增强植物的抗逆性。研究旨在为烟草产业的持续健康发展提供更为有效的策略与方法。In the current context of escalating global climate change and resource-environmental pressures,the challenges of uneven soil nutrients and plant survival under adverse conditions have become more prominent.To promote the transformation of agriculture to green sustainable development and further explore the application of potassium-solubilizing bacteria in modern agriculture,this study comprehensively analyzed the potassium-solubilizing mechanism of potassium-solubilizing bacteria and its role in soil improvement and plant nutrition improvement.Potassium-solubilizing bacteria,a kind of microorganisms that decompose silicate minerals,modify the surface structure of these minerals to convert insoluble potassium into an absorbable form by plants.This transformation is vital for enhancing soil fertility and improving environmental conditions.In tobacco cultivation,potassium-solubilizing bacteria break down silico-aluminate minerals in the soil,thereby releasing potassium.This process optimizes growth conditions,enhancing both the yield and quality of tobacco.Under adverse conditions,potassium-solubilizing bacteria boost plant resilience by enhancing nutrient absorption and regulating physiological processes within plants.This study lays a theoretical and practical groundwork for enhancing tobacco growth.

关 键 词：烟草 解钾菌 解钾机制 生长发育 抗逆性 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业] Q939.9[农业科学—作物学]