不同水分管理条件下添加丛枝菌根真菌对水稻镉吸收和抗氧化防御系统的影响  

Effects of Addition of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Cadmium Absorption and Antioxidant Defense System of Rice Under Different Water Management

作　　者：许杨贵 涂玉婷 彭智平 彭一平 李珠娴 梁健仪 黄继川 XU Yanggui;TU Yuting;PENG Zhiping;PENG Yiping;LI Zhuxian;LIANG Jianyi;HUANG Jichuan(Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer in South Region,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Farmland Conservation,Guangzhou 510640)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所/广东省养分资源循环利用与耕地保育重点实验室/农业农村部南方植物营养与肥料重点实验室,广州510640

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2024年第28期1-9,共9页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：青年科学基金“干湿交替强化丛枝菌根真菌降低水稻镉吸收转运的机制”(42107050);广州市基础与应用基础研究项目“水分管理调控镉污染稻田土壤中AMF侵染水稻根系的机理研究”(2023A04J0788);广东省重点领域研发计划项目“耕地土壤酸化绿色防控技术研究与示范”(2023B02010027)。

摘　　要：本研究探讨水分管理与丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)在影响水稻镉吸收、分布以及根部抗氧化防御系统方面的作用。通过盆栽试验,以水稻‘合美占2号’和AMF异形根孢囊霉(Rhizophagus irregularis)为试验材料,在不同水分管理条件下,研究AMF对不同镉污染浓度(0.2、1.0、5.0 mg/kg)条件下水稻镉吸收、分布以及根部抗氧化防御系统的影响。结果表明,在非菌根处理条件下,随着土壤镉添加量的增加,不同水分管理条件下水稻吸收镉的含量增加;尤其是与长期淹水比较,干湿交替显著提高土壤有效镉浓度,促进水稻根系镉吸收和提高秸秆镉含量。然而,在不同水分管理条件下,添加AMF提高不同镉污染土壤的pH,降低土壤镉有效性,抑制水稻根系的镉向地上部分转移,从而降低秸秆镉的含量和水稻对镉的富集效应。尤其是在中度镉污染条件下,添加AMF提高水稻根系过氧化物酶(POD)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性,减少水稻根部镉的吸收(干湿交替)和镉在水稻根系亚细胞的分布。因此,在长期淹水和干湿交替等水分管理条件下添加AMF能有效降低镉在水稻地上部分的富集。Water management and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)are the key factors affecting cadmium uptake,distribution and antioxidant defense system in rice roots.It is important to explore the relationship and mechanism of the three factors to guide the safe production of rice fields.In this study,with rice‘Hemeizan No.2’and AMF Rhizophagus irregularis as experimental materials,under different water management conditions,the effects of AMF on cadmium uptake,distribution and effects of root antioxidant defense system in rice were studied under different cadmium pollution concentrations(0.2,1.0,5.0 mg/kg).The results showed that under the condition of non-mycorrhizal treatment,the cadmium content of rice under different water management conditions increased with the increase of soil cadmium content.Especially compared with longterm flooding,dry and wet alternations significantly increased the effective cadmium concentration in soil,promoted cadmium uptake in rice roots and increased cadmium content in straw.However,under different water management conditions,the addition of AMF increased the pH of different cadmium-contaminated soils,reduced the availability of soil cadmium,inhibited the transfer of cadmium from rice roots to the above-ground part,and thus reduced the cadmium content of straw and the enrichment effect of rice on cadmium.Especially under the condition of moderate cadmium pollution,the addition of AMF increased the activities of peroxidase(POD)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)in rice roots,and reduced the absorption of cadmium in rice roots(alternating dry and wet)and the distribution of cadmium in rice root subcells.Therefore,the addition of AMF can effectively reduce the accumulation of cadmium in the above-ground part of rice under the water management conditions such as long-term flooding and alternating of wetting and drying.

关 键 词：丛枝菌根真菌 镉 亚细胞 抗氧化防御系统 水分管理 水稻 镉污染 

分 类 号：S154.39[农业科学—土壤学]