有机碳源添加剂对酚酸胁迫下番茄幼苗生长及根际土理化性质的影响  

Effects of Organic Carbon Source Additives on Growth of Tomato Seedlings and Physicochemical Properties of Rhizosphere Soil Under Phenolic Acid Stress

作　　者：卓丽芳 黄继川 李珠娴 梁健仪 钟文亮 韦秋芳 涂玉婷 ZHUO Lifang;HUANG Jichuan;LI Zhuxian;LIANG Jianyi;ZHONG Wenliang;WEI Qiufang;TU Yuting(College of Resources and Environment,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642;Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Farmland Conservation/Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer in South Region,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guangzhou 510640)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学资源环境学院,广州510642 [2]广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所/广东省养分资源循环利用与耕地保育重点实验室/农业农村部南方植物营养与肥料重点实验室,广州510640

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2024年第28期102-111,共10页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“生物炭耦合多自由基体系缓解番茄酚酸化感胁迫效应的微观机制研究”(42177337);“十四五”广东省农业科技创新十大主攻方向“揭榜挂帅”项目“南方耕地土壤退化阻控技术”(2022SDZG09);广东省农业科学院青年科技人才培养计划项目“腐殖质介导的自由基反应驱动土壤中番茄酚酸类化感物质的去除机制研究”(R2023PY-QN004)。

摘　　要：为探究不同有机碳源添加剂对酚酸胁迫下番茄幼苗生长和根际土壤理化性质的影响,采用番茄盆栽试验,设置8个处理,分别是常规栽培(CK)、酚酸胁迫(T_(1))、酚酸胁迫+KOH(T_(2)),以及在添加外源酚酸的基础上添加含有KOH和不同有机碳源混合的处理,所用有机碳源分别为醋酸钾(T_(3))、海藻酸(T_(4))、黄腐酸(T_(5))、腐植酸(T_(6))、γ-聚谷氨酸(T_(7))。在移栽30 d后,测定番茄幼苗生长指标、生理指标、根际土壤理化性质以及土壤酶活性,并通过相关性分析,探讨番茄幼苗生理指标与土壤环境因子的相关性。结果表明,添加有机碳源能有效促进番茄生长,以T_(6)处理的增益效果最佳:与T_(1)处理相比,T_(6)处理的番茄幼苗根系活力增长122.9%,叶片酶活提高16.7%~149.1%,根系丙二醛、土壤总酚酸含量分别下降59.0%、44.2%,土壤pH、有机质、碱解氮、速效钾含量分别增加5.1%、27.4%、22.0%、119.2%,土壤酶活提高9.0%~28.7%。冗余分析和Spearman相关性分析结果显示,番茄植株地上部鲜重、根部鲜重与土壤总酚酸呈极显著负相关,与土壤有机质、蔗糖酶、多酚氧化酶、过氧化氢酶呈极显著正相关。T_(6)处理与T_(1)处理对以上5个驱动番茄幼苗生长指标变异的关键土壤环境因子具有相反的调控效应。有机碳源可以通过增强作物生理活性、改善土壤理化性质、提高作物根际土壤酶活性等方式,缓解酚酸对番茄生长的化感胁迫效应,其中以腐植酸的作用效果最优。This study examined how various organic carbon additives influence the growth of tomato seedlings and the physicochemical characteristics of rhizosphere soil under phenolic acid stress.Tomato pot experiments were conducted and a total of 8 treatments were set up,including conventional cultivation(CK),phenolic acid stress(T_(1)),phenolic acid stress+KOH(T_(2)),and treatments involving the addition of external phenolic acid mixed with KOH and different organic carbon sources.The organic carbon sources used were potassium acetate(T_(3)),alginic acid(T_(4)),fulvic acid(T_(5)),humic acid(T_(6)),andγ-polyglutamic acid(T_(7)).After 30 days of transplantation,tomato seedling growth indicators,physiological indicators,rhizosphere soil physicochemical properties,and soil enzyme activities were measured.Correlation analysis was performed to explore the relationship between physiological indicators of tomato seedling and soil environmental factors under different treatments.The addition of organic carbon sources effectively promoted tomato growth.Among all the treatments,the T_(6) treatment showed the best effect,compared with T_(1) treatment,the root vitality of tomato seedlings in T_(6) increased by 122.9%,leaf enzyme activity increased by 16.7%to 149.1%,root MDA and soil total phenolic acid content decreased by 59.0%and 44.2%respectively,soil pH,organic matter,alkali nitrogen,and available potassium content increased by 5.1%,27.4%,22.0%,and 119.2%respectively,and soil enzyme activity were also increased by 9.0%to 28.7%.Redundancy analysis and Spearman correlation analysis results showed a significant negative correlation between above ground and root fresh weight of tomato plants with soil total phenolic acid content,and a significant positive correlation with soil organic matter,sucrase,polyphenol oxidase,and catalase.Treatment T_(6) had opposite regulatory effects on these five key soil environmental factors that drove the growth indicators of tomato seedlings compared to treatment T_(1).Organic carbon sources can alle

关 键 词：有机碳源 酚酸胁迫 农艺性状 土壤养分 酶活 番茄幼苗 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]