小麦种质资源穗发芽抗性鉴定和分子标记分析  

Preharvest Sprouting Resistance Test and Functional Markers Assisted Genotyping in Wheat Germplasm Resources

作　　者：龚承儒 袁雨豪 刘振 郑继周 田志成 刘胜利 沈庆花 黄振朴 董纯豪 高艳 李巧云 唐建卫 焦竹青 殷贵鸿 GONG Chengru;YUAN Yuhao;LIU Zhen;ZHENG Jizhou;TIAN Zhicheng;LIU Shengli;SHEN Qinghua;HUANG Zhenpu;DONG Chunhao;GAO Yan;LI Qiaoyun;TANG Jianwei;JIAO Zhuqing;YIN Guihong(College of Agriculture,Henan Agricultural University/Co-construction State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science/Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops/The National Engineering Research Centre for Wheat,Zhengzhou 450001;Henan Fengdekang Seed Industry Co.,Ltd,Zhengzhou 450001;Henan Jiaozuo Seed Station,Jiaozuo 454000)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学农学院/省部共建小麦玉米作物学国家重点实验室/河南粮食作物协同创新中心/国家小麦工程技术研究中心,郑州450001 [2]河南丰德康种业股份有限公司,郑州450001 [3]河南省焦作市种子站,焦作454000

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2024年第9期1493-1503,共11页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：2022年度河南省重大科技专项(221100110700);河南省农业良种联合攻关项目(2022010102);河南省现代农业产业技术体系建设(HARS-22-01-G2);河南省科技研发计划联合基金(222103810002);2022年度河南省产业研发联合基金重大项目(225101610048);河南农业大学拔尖人才项目(30500678)。

摘　　要：为了鉴定小麦种质资源的穗发芽抗性,筛选出有效的抗穗发芽分子标记,进而挖掘优异白粒小麦抗穗发芽种质资源,本研究通过整穗发芽试验对222份小麦种质资源进行穗发芽抗性鉴定,并利用myb10D、DFR-B、Vp1B3、PM19-A1、MFT-3A、MFT-A2、MKK3-A和QSD1等8个抗穗发芽基因的功能分子标记对供试材料进行基因型检测。表型鉴定结果表明,222份小麦种质资源材料的相对穗发芽率存在显著差异,相对穗发芽率变化范围为0~1.15,平均相对穗发芽率为0.73,鉴定出抗穗发芽小麦材料38份,其中包括白粒小麦9份、红粒小麦27份、黑粒小麦2份。等位基因类型与相对穗发芽率相关性分析表明,相对穗发芽率与功能标记myb10D、DFR-B、Vp1B3、MFT-3A和MFT-A2呈极显著相关,而与PM19-A1、MKK3-A和QSD1相关性不显著,说明myb10D、DFR-B、Vp1B3、MFT-3A和MFT-A2等分子标记可用作小麦抗穗发芽基因型检测和分子标记辅助育种。综合表现型和基因型结果,筛选出豫农914、豫农946、丰德存麦30、泛麦5号、徐麦029、连麦1901、保丰1903、郑麦829、13网27-8等9份抗穗发芽白粒小麦种质资源,可用于小麦抗穗发芽遗传育种和抗穗发芽品种布局。This study aims to identify the pre-harvest sprouting resistance in wheat germplasm resources and molecular markers for marker-assisted selection,ultimately obtaining excellent white grain wheat germplasm resources applicable in wheat breeding.These spikes of 222 wheat germplasm resources were tested for preharvest sprouting resistance,and the functional markers of eight anti-pre-harvest sprouting genes,including myb10D,DFR-B,Vp1B3,PM19-A1,MFT-3A,MFT-A2,MKK3-A,QSD1,were used for genotyping.Phenotypic identification results showed that there were significant differences in the relative sprouting percentage of 222 wheat germplasm resources.The relative sprouting percentage ranged from 0 to 1.15,and the average relative sprouting percentage was 0.73.38 wheat materials were identified to be resistant to pre-harvest sprouting,including 9 white wheat,27 red wheat and 2 black wheat.Correlation analysis between allele types and relative sprouting percentage showed that the relative sprouting percentage was significantly correlated with functional markers myb10D,DFR-B,Vp1B3,MFT-3A and MFT-A2,but not with PM19-A1,MKK3-A and QSD1.These results indicated that molecular markers myb10D,DFR-B,Vp1B3,MFT-3A and MFT-A2 could be used for detection of pre-harvest sprouting resistance and marker-assisted breeding.Based on the phenotype and genotype results,nine white wheat germplasm resources with pre-harvest sprouting resistance were selected,including Yunong 914,Yunong 946,Fengdecunmai 30,Fangmai 5,Xumai 029,Lianmai 1901,Baofeng 1903,Zhengmai 829 and 13wang27-8,which could be used for genetic breeding and layout of wheat varieties with pre-harvest sprouting resistance.

关 键 词：小麦 种质资源 穗发芽 分子标记 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]