非着火车厢空调运行对火灾时人员疏散影响研究  

Study on The Influence of Air Conditioning Operation on Fire Evacuation in Non-fire Carriage

作　　者：张华锦 毕海权[1] Zhang Huajin;Bi Haiquan(School of Mechanical Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu,610031)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学机械工程学院,成都610031

出　　处：《制冷与空调（四川）》2024年第5期621-628,共8页Refrigeration and Air Conditioning

摘　　要：地铁火灾是地铁运营中危险性最大的事故。车厢内着火时,火灾烟气将会通过贯通道蔓延到非着火车厢内,因此需要对火灾烟气加以控制。空调系统作为地铁车厢内环境调控的重要系统,空调运行对火灾时车厢内温度场和烟气流动具有重要影响。目前已有规范明确规定火灾时着火车厢内空调控制方法,而针对非着火车厢空调系统在火灾时的控制存在空白。以某地铁为例,通过FDS建立三节地铁车厢,计算行李起火情况下相邻车厢空调运行对车厢内烟气流动的影响。将火灾的计算结果导入疏散计算中,建立耦合火灾烟气流动的人员疏散,分析了相邻车厢空调运行对人员接触温度、能见度、FED值的影响,研究结果表明:火灾时,相邻车厢空调系统运行可降低相邻车厢内人员接触温度、FED值,提高人员能见度,相邻车厢空调系统运行时有利于提高相邻车厢人员疏散过程中的安全性。Subway fires are the most dangerous accidents in subway operations.In the event of a fire in the train,the fire smoke will spread to the non-burning car through the throughway,so it is necessary to control the fire smoke.As an important system for environmental regulation in subway cars,the operation of air conditioning has an important impact on the temperature field and smoke flow in the train during fire.At present,there are specifications that clearly stipulate the control method of air conditioning in the fire compartment during fire,but there is a gap in the control of the air conditioning system in the non-fire compartment during the fire.In this paper,we take a subway as an example,and use FDS to build three subway cars,and calculate the influence of air conditioning operation in adjacent cars on the flue gas flow in the carriage under the condition of baggage fire.In this paper,the calculation results of the fire are introduced into the evacuation calculation,the personnel evacuation coupled with the fire smoke flow is established,and the influence of the air conditioning operation of the adjacent carriage on the contact temperature,visibility and FED value of the personnel is analyzed,and finally it is concluded that the operation of the air conditioning system of the adjacent carriage is conducive to improving the safety of the personnel evacuation process of the adjacent carriage during the fire.

关 键 词：地铁车辆火灾 空调系统 人员安全疏散 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TU298.4[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]