被遮蔽的血泪史——《愚弄鸦族》对美国西进运动的逆写  

The Whitewashed History of Blood and Tears:The Rewriting of American Westward Movement in Welch's Fools Crow

作　　者：虞建华[1] YU Jianhua

机构地区：[1]上海外国语大学

出　　处：《语言与文化论坛》2024年第1期3-14,共12页Forums of Language and Culture

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“美国历史‘非常’事件的小说再现与意识形态批判”(编号:15AWW005)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：西进运动是美国官方历史颂扬的“光荣史”,但在美国印第安裔作家詹姆斯·韦尔奇的小说《愚弄鸦族》中,这段历史被重新叙述,其蚕食和暴力抢夺本土居民土地的帝国野蛮史的一部分被展现。小说再现了原住民与土地相依为命的古老文明,聚焦于他们的近代悲剧:与西进白人殖民者接触后产生冲突,遭遇欧洲移民带来的瘟疫、生态系统被破坏和政府军武力胁迫与屠杀等一系列灾难,最终被赶出家园。美国官方历史中没有话语权的印第安人后裔,以小说作为载体,从不同视角再现以攫取土地为目标的美国西进历史。《愚弄鸦族》因此具有颠覆美国宏大历史的政治意义。Westward Movement has always been part of the"glorious history"in American official narrative,but in Fools Crozw by American Indian writer James Welch,this period of history is represented as the Empire's encroachment and seizure of the native land by violence.Welch draws a picture of the harmonious coexistence of the Native Americans and the land in the past,their contacts and conflicts with the white colonials,and a series of disastrous outcomes that follow,including the pandemic,the destruction of the environment,the coerce and massacre by the government armed force that finally drove them off their homeland.The Native Americans had been silenced in the official American history,but Welch,using historical fiction as a protest,rewrote this part of whitewashed land plunder from the perspective of the native people.Fools Crow has thus the political significance of historical revision.

关 键 词：詹姆斯·韦尔奇 《愚弄鸦族》 西进运动 马里亚斯大屠杀 

分 类 号：I712.074[文学—其他各国文学]