基于集聚度和泰尔指数的2012—2021年我国优质医疗资源分布研究  

The Study on the Distribution of High-quality Medical Resources in China from 2012 to 2021 Based on Agglomeration Degree and Theil Index

作　　者：王艺园 李耘[1] 王伟[2] 严非[2] Wang Yiyuan;Li Yun;Wang Wei(Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University,Shanghai,200032,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学附属中山医院,上海200032 [2]复旦大学公共卫生学院,上海200032

出　　处：《中国医院管理》2024年第11期36-39,50,共5页Chinese Hospital Management

摘　　要：目的分析2012—2021年我国6个区域三甲医院的资源分布情况,进一步了解区域间卫生资源配置变化情况。方法结合《“十三五”国家医学中心及国家区域医疗中心设置规划》,运用年均增长率、变异系数、集聚度、泰尔指数探索2012—2021年我国三甲医院的资源配置情况,并进行比较分析和趋势分析。结果全国优质医疗资源区域差异持续缩小,特别是2017年后缩小幅度增加。全国各区域三甲医院资源配置的泰尔指数从0.0350下降至0.0205,公平性向好,区域发展协调性逐步增强,然而我国各区域三甲医院的资源按地理配置仍存在不平衡现象。结论西部地区三甲医院的资源配置应充分考虑地理因素,改变传统单一“人向型”资源配置模式;经济相对发达区域的三甲医院仍需加大资源投入,做好人口监测预警和资源宏观规划统筹;三甲医院资源配置应注重区域内的内涵发展和区域间的协同发展,提高资源配置质量和效率。Objective It aims to analyze the resource distribution of Chinese gradeA teritary hospitals across six regions from 2012 to 2021,so as to further understand the changes in inter-regional health resource allocation.Methods Based on the“Thirteenth Five-Year Plan”for the Establishment of National Medical Centers and Regional Medical Centers,it utilizes indicators such as the annual growth rate,coefficient of variation,agglomeration degree,and Theil index to explore the resource allocation in Chinese gradeA teritary hospitals from 2012 to 2021.Comparative and trend analyses are also conducted.Results The regional difference of high-quality medical resources in the country has continued to narrow,especially with an increased rate of reduction since 2017.The Theil index of resource allocation in grade A teritary hospitals in various regions of the country has decreased from 0.0350 to 0.0205,indicating a positive trend towards fairness and a gradual increase in regional development coordination.An imbalance in the geographical distribution of resources among third-class medical institutions persists across various regions of China.Conclusion The resource allocation of grade A teritary hospitals in the western region should fully consider geographical factors and change the traditional single“human-oriented”resource allocation mode.Grade A teritary hospitals in economically developed areas still need to increase resource investment,conduct proactive population monitoring,early warning,and macro resource planning.The resource allocation of third-class medical institutions should focus on both intra-regional development and inter-regional collaboration to enhance the quality and efficiency of resource distribution.

关 键 词：医疗资源 集聚度 泰尔指数 公平性 

分 类 号：R197.3[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]