不同品种荷包豆在云南高寒山地的镉铅累积差异  

Differences of Cd and Pb Accumulation in Different Cultivars of Phaseolus coccineus L.in Yunnan Alpine Mountain Area

作　　者：罗平 杨伊洁 张新帅 李博[1] 湛方栋[1] 祖艳群[1] 何永美[1] LUO Ping;YANG Yijie;ZHANG Xinshuai;LI Bo;ZHAN Fangdong;ZU Yanqun;HE Yongmei(College of Resources and Environment,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学资源与环境学院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第5期141-150,共10页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：云南省重点研发课题(2019BC001-04);云南省吴龙华专家工作站(202305AF150042);云南省中青年学术和技术带头人后备人才培养项目(202005AC160038)。

摘　　要：【目的】为降低高寒矿区荷包豆(Phaseolus coccineus L.)的镉(Cd)和铅(Pb)含量,筛选适合该区域农田种植的低累积、高品质荷包豆品种。【方法】采用云南主栽的10个荷包豆品种,在兰坪矿区周边选取具有代表性的农田进行大田试验,通过测定氮(N)、磷(P)、钾(K)、维生素C、蛋白质、总淀粉及Cd、Pb的含量等指标,分析不同品种间荷包豆的矿质养分、籽粒品质及Cd、Pb累积量差异。【结果】不同品种荷包豆的生物量、矿质养分含量、籽粒品质及Cd、Pb累积特征均存在显著差异。生物量和产量的最大差异分别为3.88倍和1.42倍,籽粒N、P、K含量的最大差异分别为1.42倍、1.48倍和1.40倍,籽粒Cd、Pb含量和累积量的最大差异分别为1.93倍、5.71倍和3.76倍、4.29倍,还原糖、维生素C、蛋白质、可溶性糖、总淀粉含量的最大差异分别为1.98倍、2.09倍、1.43倍、1.31倍、1.42倍。YN10表现出高产(2050 kg/hm^(2))、低Pb(0.17 mg/kg)性状,YN03表现出高产(2048 kg/hm^(2))、低Cd(0.23 mg/kg)性状。相关性分析表明:籽粒Cd含量与叶片N含量以及根、茎、叶K含量呈显著或极显著负相关,与籽粒总淀粉、维生素C含量呈显著或极显著正相关;籽粒Pb含量与蛋白质含量呈极显著正相关。【结论】荷包豆Cd、Pb吸收与矿质养分、籽粒品质密切相关。兼顾籽粒产量、重金属累积量、品质等因素,荷包豆品种YN10和YN03更适宜在兰坪Cd、Pb轻度污染区推广种植。[Purpose]To reduce the accumulation of cadmium(Cd)and lead(Pb)in Phaseolus coccineus L.in alpine mining area,screening for low accumulation and high-quality P.coccineus cultivars suitable for farmland planting in this areas.[Methods]A field experiment was conducted with 10 main cultivars of P.coccineus in Yunnan Province,and representative farmlands were selected around Lanping mining area.The contents of nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P)and potassium(K),vitamin C,protein,total starch,Cd and Pb were measured to explore the differences in mineral nutrients,grain quality,and Cd and Pb accumulation in different cultivars of P.coccineus.[Results]There were significant differences in biomass,mineral nutrient content,grain quality and accumulation characteristics of Cd and Pb among different cultivars of P.coccineus.The maximum differences in biomass and yield were 3.88 times and 1.42 times,respectively;the maximum differences of N,P,K content in the grains were 1.42 times,1.48 times and 1.40 times,respectively;the maximum differences of Cd,Pb content in grain were 1.93 times and 5.71 times,respectively;the maximum differences of Cd,Pb accumulation in grain were 3.76 times and 4.29 times,respectively;the maximum differences in the contents of reducing sugar,vitamin C,protein,soluble sugar and total starch were 1.98 times,2.09 times,1.43 times,1.31 times and 1.42 times,respectively.Cultivar of YN10 showed high yield(2050 kg/hm^(2))and low Pb(0.17 mg/kg),cultivar of YN03 showed high yield(2048 kg/hm^(2))and low Cd(0.23 mg/kg).Correlation analysis showed that grain Cd content was significantly or extremely significantly negatively correlated with leaf N content,and root,stem and leaf K content;and it was significantly or extremely significantly positively correlated with total starch and vitamin C content.Grain Pb content was extremely significantly positively correlated with protein content.[Conclusion]The absorption of Cd and Pb in P.coccineus is closely related to mineral nutrients and grain quality.Considering the grain yield

关 键 词：荷包豆 镉铅含量 矿质养分 品质 品种差异 

分 类 号：S643.101[农业科学—蔬菜学]