党参人工高效快速繁殖体系的建立  

Establishment of an efficient and rapid artificial propagation system for Codonopsis pilosula

作　　者：高金荣 任艳 李怡萌 黄衡宇 GAO Jinrong;REN Yan;LI Yimeng;HUANG Hengyu(Yunnan Breeding and Cultivation Research and Development Center of Endangered and Daodi Chinese Medicinal Materials,Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine,Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]云南中医药大学,云南省道地濒危中药材繁育与栽培工程技术研究中心,昆明650500

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2024年第11期1780-1788,共9页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：云南省禄劝县中药材产业科技特派出团项目(202204BI090007);云南省道地濒危中药材繁育与栽培工程技术研究中心项目(2016DH011)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究党参离体再生条件,建立其人工高效快速繁殖体系,为党参种苗繁育提供理论依据。【方法】通过茎尖和茎段在不同外源激素组合中诱导愈伤组织,再引入椰子汁与6-BA、NAA和KT进行L16(45)正交实验,筛选出最佳外植体及不定芽的分化和增殖培养基,最后在瓶外实现生根和炼苗。【结果】(1)茎段在MS+1.5 mg/L 6-BA+0.5 mg/L NAA中的愈伤组织诱导率高达98.76%,而茎尖只有76.56%;(2)椰子汁对党参增殖具有显著影响,在MS+60 mL/L椰子汁+1.5 mg/L 6-BA+0.5 mg/L KT+0.5 mg/L NAA中的增殖系数可达43.39;(3)再生芽的瓶内生根率极低,而瓶外生根的再生芽30 d后即可形成根系,生根率达87.96%,移栽后存活率为97.73%。此外,在愈伤组织诱导和分化过程中出现基茎丛生芽和腋芽,这也大大提高了党参的增殖系数。【结论】茎段更适合诱导愈伤组织,椰子汁促进愈伤组织再分化,瓶外生根大大提高了生根率。[Objective]The study aims to explore the in vitro regeneration condition of Codonopsis pilosula(Franch.)Nannf.and establish an efficient and rapid propagation system to provide a basis for its seedling breeding.[Methods]The callus was induced by stem tips and stem segments in different hormone combinations,and then the L16(45)orthogonal experiment was carried out with coconut juice,6-BA,NAA,and KT to screen the best explant and the differentiation and proliferation medium for adventitious buds.Finally,the rooting and acclimatization of plantlets were realized outside the bottle.[Results](1)The callus induction rate of the stem segments in MS medium with 6-BA of 1.5 mg/L and NAA of 0.5 mg/L was up to 98.76%,while that of the tips was only 76.56%.(2)Coconut juice had a significant effect on the proliferation of C.pilosula,and the proliferation coefficient reached 43.39 in MS medium with 60 mL/L coconut juice,1.5 mg/L 6-BA,0.5 mg/L KT,and 0.5 mg/L NAA.(3)The rooting rate of the regenerated buds in bottles was low,but the regenerated buds formed roots outside the bottle after 30 days,with a rooting rate of 87.96%.The survival rate after transplanting was 97.73%.In addition,the basal stem cluster buds and axillary buds appeared during callus induction and differentiation,which greatly improved the proliferation coefficient of C.pilosula.[Conclusion]The stem segment is more suitable for callus in-duction.Coconut juice promotes callus redifferentiation.Rooting outside the bottle significantly improves rooting rate.

关 键 词：党参 愈伤组织不定芽 椰子汁 瓶外生根 体外快繁 

分 类 号：Q945.52[生物学—植物学] S567.53[农业科学—中草药栽培]