B亚型禽偏肺病毒减毒株对商品肉鸡免疫效果的评价  

Evaluation of the Immune Efficacy of Attenuated Strain of Subtype B Avian Metapneumovirus Disease on Commercial Broilers

作　　者：许壮壮 王素艳 陈运通 张涛[1] 于蒙蒙 孟令宅 范文瑞 祁小乐[1] 高玉龙[1,2] XU Zhuangzhuang;WANG Suyan;CHEN Yuntong;ZHANG Tao;YU Mengmeng;MENG Lingzhai;FAN Wenrui;QI Xiaole;GAO Yulong(Avian Immunosuppressive Diseases Division,State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention Harbin Veterinary Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin 150069,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing 163000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院哈尔滨兽医研究所动物疫病防控全国重点实验室禽免疫抑制病创新团队,哈尔滨150069 [2]黑龙江八一农垦大学动物科技学院,大庆163000

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》2024年第10期4597-4604,共8页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

基　　金：国家肉鸡产业技术体系(CARS-41)。

摘　　要：旨在研究B亚型禽偏肺病毒减毒株(LN16-A株)对商品肉鸡的免疫效果。本研究从规模化养殖场选取3周龄的商品肉鸡,将B亚型禽偏肺病毒减毒株(LN16-A株)通过滴鼻方式免疫(200μL,病毒含量≥103 TCID50·只^(-1)),空白对照组以同样剂量的PBS滴鼻。免疫21 d后,翅下采集血液分离血清,利用ELISA方法及中和试验检测相应抗体;在6周龄时,通过滴鼻方式使用B亚型禽偏肺病毒强毒(LN16-V株)(200μL,5000 TCID50·只-1)进行攻毒,攻毒后连续观察7 d,并利用RT-qPCR检测各组鸡鼻腔拭子的病毒拷贝数,攻毒后第9天各组随机选取2只鸡进行剖杀,采集鼻甲骨、气管和肺组织,通过HE染色制作病理切片,观察组织病理学变化。抗体检测结果显示,在疫苗免疫后21 d,免疫组ELISA抗体和中和抗体阳性率均为100%,平均ELISA抗体效价为1860,平均中和抗体效价为7.44 log2;临床症状观察结果显示,对照组商品肉鸡出现混浊、黏稠、牵丝状的鼻液等明显临床症状,发病率为100%,而免疫组肉鸡无临床症状;RT-qPCR结果表明,免疫组鸡鼻腔拭子病毒基因组拷贝数相较于对照组降低了78%~96%;病理切片结果显示,对照组肉鸡鼻甲骨、气管以及肺均出现不同程度的病理损伤,免疫组肉鸡各组织器官未见明显病理变化。综上表明,B亚型禽偏肺病毒减毒株(LN16-A株)可以诱导商品肉鸡产生特异性抗体,能显著降低攻毒后的排毒水平,对商品肉鸡具有良好的保护效果。本研究结果将为肉鸡养殖场禽偏肺病毒病的防控提供重要理论指导和技术支撑。In order to study the immune effect of attenuated strain of subtype B avian metapneumovirus(LN16-A strain)on commercial broilers,3-week-old commercial broilers were selected from large-scale farms and immunized with attenuated strain of subtype B avian metapneumovirus(LN16-A strain)by dropping nose(200μL,virus content≥103 TCID50/piece),and the blank control group was given the same dose of PBS.Twenty-one days after immunization,blood ser-um was collected under the wings and corresponding antibodies were detected using ELISA and neutralization tests.At 6-week-old,the B subtype avian metapneumonia virus(LN16-V strain)was administered via nasal drip(200μL,5000 TCID50 per chicken)to chickens for virus chal-lenge.After the challenge,the virus copy number of nasal swabs from each group of chickens was continuously observed for 7 days.RT-qPCR was used to detect the virus copy number.On the 9th day after the challenge,2 chickens from each group were randomly selected for dissec-tion.Nasal turbinate,tracheal,and lung tissues were collected,and pathological sections were made using HE staining to observe the histopathological changes of the tissues.The results of antibody showed that 21 days after immunization,the positive rate of ELISA antibody and neu-tralizing antibody in the immunization group was 100%,with an average ELISA antibody titer of 1860 and an average neutralizing antibody titer of 7.44 log2.The results of clinical symptoms showed that the commercial broilers in the control group had obvious clinical symptoms,such as cloudy,viscous,and filamentous nasal juice,and the incidence rate was 100%.While the broilers in the immunization group had no clinical symptoms.In addition,the results of RT-qPCR showed that the virus copy number of nasal swab in the immunization group decreased by 78%to 96%,com-pared to the control group.The results of pathological sections showed that the turbinate bone,trachea and lung of broilers in the control group had different degrees of pathological damage,while no obvious pathologi

关 键 词：B亚型禽偏肺病毒 减毒株 商品肉鸡 免疫效果 

分 类 号：S852.659.5[农业科学—基础兽医学]