粪菌移植治疗犊牛无特异病原性腹泻和细菌性腹泻的疗效及其肠道菌群变化  

The Therapeutic Effect of the Fecal Microbiota Transplantation on Calf Non-specific Pathogenic Diarrhea and Bacterial Diarrhea in Association with Their Gut Microbiota Changes

作　　者：杨作斌 史晋成 马紫薇 陈如龙 舒展 李鑫 王金泉[1] 钟旗[4] 马雪连 姚刚[1] YANG Zuobin;SHI Jincheng;MA Ziwei;CHEN Rulong;SHU Zhan;LI Xin;WANG Jinquan;ZHONG Qi;MA Xuelian;YAO Gang(College of Veterinary Medicine,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Xinjiang Hanting Muyuan Breeding Technology Company Limited,Bole 833407,China;Animal Disease Control and Prevention Center in Altay Prefecture,Altay 836500,China;Xinjiang Academy of Animal Science,Urumqi 830026,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学动物医学学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆汗庭牧元养殖科技有限责任公司,博乐833407 [3]新疆阿勒泰地区动物疾控中心,阿勒泰836500 [4]新疆畜牧科学院兽医研究所,乌鲁木齐830026

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》2024年第10期4720-4734,共15页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

基　　金：自治区创新团队项目(2023D14018);自治区重大科技专项(2023A02007-2)。

摘　　要：旨在比较粪菌移植(Fecal microbiota transplantation,FMT)治疗犊牛无特异病原性腹泻和细菌性腹泻的疗效和肠道菌群变化。选择8头健康新生犊牛作为健康对照组(Health,H),再选择具有临床腹泻症状的新生犊牛24头,经腹泻相关病原检测,16头无腹泻相关病原感染的腹泻犊牛分为无特异病原腹泻组(Diarrhea,D),8头感染产志贺毒素大肠埃希菌(Shiga toxin-producing E.coli,STEC)的腹泻犊牛作为STEC腹泻组(STEC-Diarrhea,SD)。各组犊牛平均日龄为(14.8±6.1)d。通过腹泻病原和腹泻症状筛查选择供体犊牛并制备粪菌液,口服粪菌液(每头250 mL,含40 g单一供体粪便)治疗腹泻犊牛,根据布里斯托粪便分型法(Bristol Stool Scale,BSS)评估治疗有效性。治疗后D组犊牛命名为无特异病原腹泻治疗组(FMT-D),SD组犊牛为STEC腹泻治疗组(FMT-SD)。记录治愈天数和日增重,测定犊牛生理常值、血常规、细胞因子及免疫球蛋白。采集各组犊牛直肠粪便进行16S rRNA基因测序,分析其肠道菌群变化。结果显示,经FMT治疗,D组和SD组犊牛的布里斯托粪便分型分别从6~7型极显著下降为4~5型(P<0.0001),下降后的分型值与H组无差异(P>0.05)。FMT-D组和FMT-SD组的平均治愈天数(4.9和4.4)无显著差异(P>0.05)。治疗后150 d,FMT-D组的犊牛日增重与H组无显著差异(P>0.05),而FMT-SD组的日增重显著低于H组(P<0.05)。D组和SD组犊牛血液IL-1β、IL-6和IL-10浓度极显著高于H组(P<0.01),经FMT治疗后均下降至H组水平。D组和SD组犊牛粪便中分泌型免疫球蛋白A极显著低于H组(P<0.001),且D组IL-22显著低于H组(P<0.05),经FMT治疗后均上升,与H组水平无差异(P>0.05)。D组和SD组犊牛肠道菌群的丰富度和多样性均显著低于H组(P<0.05),经FMT治疗后上升至H组水平。D组和SD组犊牛肠道菌群结构β多样性与H组差异极显著(P<0.001),梭杆菌门的相对丰度均极显著高于H组(P<0.001),志贺菌属、Tyzzerella和栖粪杆菌�The aim of this study was to compare the therapeutic efficacy and the changes of gut microbiota by faecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)treatment between non-specific pathogenic diarrhea and the bacterial diarrhea in calves.In the study,8 healthy newborn calves were selected as the health(Health,H)group,24 newborn calves with clinical symptoms of diarrhea were selected,in which 16 diarrheic calves without diarrheic related pathogens were assigned to the non-specific pathogenic diarrhea(Diarrhea,D)group,and the other 8 diarrheic calves with STEC infection were assigned to the STEC diarrhea(STEC-Diarrhea,SD)group after diarrheaassociated pathogens detection.The average age of all calves was 14.8±6.1 days.After FMT group D was named FMT-D and group SD was named FMT-SD.Donor calves were screened by clinical symptoms of diarrhea with pathogenic test,and then the fecal microbiota solution was prepared for oral treatment(250 mL each calf,contains 40 g feces of single donor).Bristol Stool Scale(BSS)was used to assess the effectiveness of FMT.The healing day and the daily gain(DG)were recorded,and calves'blood physiological parameters and inflammatory cytokines were determined.Rectal feces were collected for 16S rRNA gene sequencing to analyze the changes of gut microbiota.The results showed that after FMT,BSS of calves in group D and SD was extremely decreased(P<0.0001)from type 6-7 to type 4-5,and after decline was not significantly different from that in group H(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in the healing day between group FMT-D and group FMT-SD(P>0.05).At day 150 after FMT,DG of FMT-D group was not significantly different from that of group H(P>0.05),whereas DG of group FMT-SD was still significantly lower than that of group H(P<0.05).IL-1βand IL-6 as well as IL-10 were extremely higher in group D and group SD than those in group H(P<0.01),and after FMT they were decreased to the level of H group(P>0.05);Secretory immunoglobulin A was extremely lower in group D and group SD than that in group H(P<0.0

关 键 词：犊牛 腹泻 粪菌移植 效果评价 肠道菌群 

分 类 号：S857.31[农业科学—临床兽医学]