斑块质量对沙蒿金叶甲种群特征的影响  

Effects of patch quality on population characteristics of the Chrysolina aurichalcea

作　　者：张大治[1] 马志芳 赵富强 周春梅 ZHANG Dazhi;MA Zhifang;ZHAO Fuqiang;ZHOU Chunmei(School of Life Science,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China 2.School of Vocational and Continuing Education,Ningxia Normal University,Guyuan 75600,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学生命科学学院,银川750021 [2]宁夏师范大学职业与继续教育学院,固原756000

出　　处：《生态科学》2024年第5期1-6,共6页Ecological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31860619,31560611);宁夏自然科学基金项目(2021AAC02009)。

摘　　要：黑沙蒿(Artemisia ordosica)是我国西北荒漠沙化区主要的防风固沙植物,对控制土壤沙化、保护和改善生态环境、稳定生态平衡具有非常积极的作用。沙蒿金叶甲是黑沙蒿的一种重要食叶类害虫。试验选取位于宁夏灵武白芨滩国家级自然保护区的古窑子(GYZ-A、GYZ-B)、长流水(CLS)及刘家寨(LJZ)4个黑沙蒿植物斑块,于2020年6月—9月期间调查了不同生境中沙蒿金叶甲的种群数量,分析了不同生境斑块中沙蒿金叶甲的形态学特征、性比差异及环境因子对沙蒿金叶甲种群数量、有虫株率的影响。结果显示不同斑块内沙蒿金叶甲成虫种群数量及有虫株率差异显著(P<0.05),种群数量2.28头·株^(-1)—10.43头·株^(-1)、有虫株率56.02%—90.56%。不同斑块内沙蒿金叶甲成虫雌虫数量均多于雄虫(P<0.05),雌雄性比分别为1.38:1、1.05:1、1.2:1、1.23:1。斑块间沙蒿金叶甲体重(0.03 g—0.05 g)、体长(6.89mm—3.76 mm)、体宽(4.09 mm—4.71 mm)均差异显著(P<0.05)。多元逐步回归分析显示沙蒿金叶甲种群数量、有虫株率与植物的丰富度指数(P<0.05)、沙蒿的长势(P<0.01)、土壤全氮(P<0.05)具有显著相关性。沙蒿的盖度、土壤有机质是影响种群结构特征的关键因子。Artemisia ordosica is the main windbreak and sand-fixing plant in desertification areas of northwest China,which plays a very positive role in soil desertification control,ecological environment protection and ecological balance stability.In this study,four patches of Artemisia ordosica were selected from Guyaozi(GYZ-A and GYZ-B),Changliushui(CLS)and Liujiazhai(LJZ)in Ningxia Baijitan National Nature Reserve,China.The population of Chrysolina aurichalcea in different patches was investigated from June to September,2020.The morphological characteristics,sex ratio and effect of patch characteristic indices,biological and abiotic factors on the population of Chrysolina aurichalcea were analyzed in different patches.The results showed that the population of Chrysolina aurichalcea and the ratio of infested shrub were significantly different(P<0.05)in different patches.The individuals were 2.28-10.43 at each brush,and the ratio of infested shrubs was 56.02%-90.56%.There were more females than males of Chrysolina aurichalcea adults in different patches(P<0.05).The sex ratios of GYZ-A,GYZ-B,CLS and LJZ patches were 1.38:1,1.05:1,1.2:1,1.23:1,respectively.There were significant differences in body weight(0.03 g-0.05 g),body length(6.89 mm-3.76 mm)and body width(4.09 mm-4.71 mm)between patches(P<0.05).Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that plant richness index(P<0.05),growing of Artemisia ordosica(P<0.01),and soil total nitrogen(P<0.05)had significant correlation with the population of Chrysolina aurichalcea.Principal component analysis showed that the coverage of Artemisia ordosica,plant diversity index and soil organic matters were the key factors affecting the population structure of Chrysolina aurichalcea in different patches.

关 键 词：斑块质量 沙蒿金叶甲 种群结构 有虫株率 性比 

分 类 号：Q96[生物学—昆虫学]