基于InVEST模型的安徽省时间序列生境质量评价  

Evaluation of time series habitat quality in Anhui Province based on InVEST model

作　　者：汪左 王畅畅[1,2] 鞠森 万海霞 李虎 WANG Zuo;WANG Changchang;JU Sen;WAN Haixia;Li Hu(School of Geography and Tourism,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu 241002,China;Engineering Technology Research Center of Resources Environment and GIS,Anhui Province,Wuhu 241002,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学地理与旅游学院,芜湖241002 [2]资源环境与地理信息工程安徽省工程技术研究中心,芜湖241002

出　　处：《生态科学》2024年第5期146-156,共11页Ecological Science

基　　金：安徽省高等学校科学研究重点项目(2023AH050137);安徽省自然科学基金资助项目(2008085QD166);国家自然科学基金资助项目(41501379);安徽省科技重大专项(202003a06020002);安徽省重点研究与开发计划项目(2021003)。

摘　　要：生境质量是生态文明建设的重要内容,是生态环境评价中的重要组成部分。基于1980、1990、1995、2000、2005、2010和2015年7期土地利用数据,运用InVEST模型和GIS空间分析方法,计算安徽省时间序列生境质量指数、生境退化程度指数和生境稀缺性指数,分析安徽省1980—2015年生境质量时空变化特征,从而实现安徽省生境质量的时间序列定量评估。结果表明:(1)1980—2015年安徽省生境退化程度不断加剧,栅格单元之间的空间差异性逐渐扩大,生境退化程度低的区域主要在皖南地区,而沿江地区和巢湖附近区域生境退化程度较高。(2)1980—2005年生境质量降低的速度较为缓慢,2000—2015年则下降较快。安徽省生境质量皖西及皖南地区普遍高于皖北地区,且生境质量水平与土地覆盖类型有着高度的一致性,其中生境质量低的区域对应的主要是建设用地,生境质量高的区域对应的是耕地、林地、草地和水域等。(3)安徽省生境稀缺性整体表现为皖北地区稀缺性高于皖南地区,沿江地区及巢湖附近的生境稀缺性较高。研究结论可为安徽省生态规划和生态空间布局提供理论支撑。Habitat quality is an important part of ecological civilization construction and ecological environment evaluation.Based on seven periods of land use data in 1980,1990,1995,2000,2005,2010 and 2015,the InVEST model and GIS spatial analysis method were used to calculate the time series habitat quality index,habitat degradation index and habitat scarcity index of Anhui Province,to analyze the temporal and spatial characteristics of habitat quality in Anhui Province from 1980 to 2015,so as to realize the time series quantitative evaluation of the habitat quality in Anhui Province.The results showed that:(1)from 1980 to 2015,the degree of habitat degradation in Anhui Province was increasing,the spatial variability among grid units gradually expanded,and the areas with low degree of habitat degradation were mainly in southern Anhui,while the areas along the Yangtze River and near the Chaohu Lake had a higher degree of habitat degradation.(2)The habitat quality decreased slowly from 1980 to 2005,and then decreased faster from 2000 to 2015.The habitat quality in Western and southern Anhui was generally higher than that in Northern Anhui,and there was a high degree of consistency between the habitat quality level highly with the land cover type.The areas with low habitat quality mainly corresponded to construction land,while the areas with high habitat quality usually corresponded to cropland,forest land,grassland and water area.(3)The overall performance of habitat scarcity in Anhui Province was that the scarcity in Northern Anhui was higher than that in southern Anhui,and the habitat scarcity along the Yangtze River and near the Chaohu Lake was higher.The research findings can provide theoretical support for the ecological planning and ecological spatial layout of Anhui Province.

关 键 词：生境质量 InVEST模型 时间序列 安徽省 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]