不同径级绒毛白蜡矿质养分再吸收特征比较研究  

Comparative study on mineral nutrient resorption efficiency of Fraxinus velutina plants with different diameter classes

作　　者：董林水 宋爱云 马翠 DONG Linshui;SONG Aiyun;MA Cui(Shandong Key Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Science for Yellow River Delta,Shandong University of Aeronautics,Binzhou 256603,China;Ecological Environment Service Center of Beihai Economic Development Zone of Binzhou,Binzhou,256603,China)

机构地区：[1]山东航空学院,山东省黄河三角洲生态环境重点实验室,滨州256600 [2]滨州北海经济开发区生态环境服务中心,滨州256600

出　　处：《生态科学》2024年第5期183-188,共6页Ecological Science

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金(ZR2020MD007);山东省重点研发计划项目(2017GSF17113);滨州学院重点基金项目(BZXYL1601)。

摘　　要：为探讨绒毛白蜡人工林的养分循环过程,系统分析了不同径级绒毛白蜡雄株N、P、K、Ca、Mg的养分再吸收特征。研究表明,落叶前绒毛白蜡叶片N、P、K发生了明显的养分回流,而Ca和Mg则在叶片中进一步的富集。绒毛白蜡植株个体N元素的养分再吸收效率集中分布在40%—60%之间, Ca元素的养分再吸收效率则集中分布(–10%)—(–40%)之间,而其他元素的养分再吸收效率取值范围则相对分散。对比表明,绒毛白蜡小径级植株N元素再吸收效率高于中大径级植株,而其K元素再吸收效率则明显低于中大径级植株。相关分析表明,绒毛白蜡N与P的养分再吸收效率之间存在极显著正相关关系;这主要是因为落叶前叶片的有机N、P组分在分别被水解为氨基酸和无机P之后再转运出来,而这两种生理过程是同时进行且存在密切关联的。Ca与Mg的养分再吸收效率也表现为显著正相关;Ca和Mg分别为细胞壁和叶绿素的重要结构性元素,落叶期这两种元素在植物叶片中经常出现持续积累的“负转移”现象,说明这两种元素的养分再吸收生理过程存在相似性和关联性。绒毛白蜡幼树成熟鲜叶N/P比值大于16,而当绒毛白蜡直径在10 cm以上时, N/P多小于14,说明随着林龄的增长,人工林逐步由P限制转变为N限制;因而,建议随着人工林林龄的增长逐步增加氮肥的施用量。研究结果可为进一步系统认识绒毛白蜡人工林的养分循环过程提供理论依据。In order to study the nutrient cycling process of Fraxinus velutina plantation,the nutrient resorption of N,P,K,Ca and Mg in male plants of F.velutina with different diameter classes was systematically analyzed.The result showed that N,P and K in leaves were obviously resorbed by other tissues before abscission,while Ca and Mg were further enriched in the leaves.The nutrient resorption efficiencies of N in F.velutina plants were mostly in the range of 40%-60%,the nutrient resorption efficiencies of Ca were mainly distributed between(–10%)and(–40%),however,the range of nutrient resorption efficiencies of other elements were relatively dispersed.Compared with the plants of larger diameter class,the plants of small diameter class of F.velutina had higher N resorption efficiencies and lower K resorption efficiencies.There was a highly significant positive correlation between leaf N and P nutrient resorption efficiency of F.velutina.During the defoliation stage,the organic N and P fractions of senescent leaves were hydrolyzed into amino acids and inorganic P respectively and then transported out,and these two physiological processes were simultaneous and closely related,and this was also the main reason why N and P resorption efficiencies were closely related.The nutrient resorption efficiency of Ca and Mg also showed a significant positive correlation.Ca and Mg were important structural elements in cell wall and chlorophyll molecule respectively,and these two elements often accumulated continuously in the senescent leaves,which was called"negative resorption",indicating that the transfer processes of these two elements in plants were similar and correlated.The N/P ratios of the fresh leaves of the young F.velutina trees were more than 16,while when the diameter of F.velutina was more than 10 cm,the N/P ratios were mostly less than 14,which indicated that with the increase of forest age,the P limitation in the plantation gradually changed into N limitation.The above results indicate that the application amount of

关 键 词：绒毛白蜡 养分再吸收 径级 矿质元素 

分 类 号：S718.43[农业科学—林学]