旅游活动对土壤健康的影响研究进展  

Review of the effects of tourism activities on soil health

作　　者：吴倩倩 朱永恒 白钰鹏 方梦恬 WU Qianqian;ZHU Yongheng;BAI Yupeng;FANG Mengtian(School of Geography and Tourism,Anhui Normal University,Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Regional Response in the Yangtze-Huaihe River Basin,Wuhu 241003,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学地理与旅游学院,江淮流域地表过程与区域响应安徽省重点实验室,芜湖241003

出　　处：《生态科学》2024年第5期223-230,共8页Ecological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41001031)。

摘　　要：土壤健康是指土壤维持植物、动物和人类可持续发展的能力。当前土壤健康的研究主要集中在农业绿色发展,而很少涉及旅游地土壤健康。为了解旅游活动对土壤健康的影响,从土壤理化性质、土壤生物学性质和土壤生态功能三个方面对有关内容进行了综述。旅游干扰造成土壤容重、坚实度和重金属含量增加,凋落物厚度和土壤肥力下降;旅游干扰致使土壤生物群落结构变化,其中在重度干扰区内,土壤动物表层聚集度、土壤微生物丰度和多样性以及草本层植物高度、盖度和多样性均显著下降;旅游干扰影响土壤养分循环的各个环节,也致使土壤水土保持能力减弱。旅游活动影响土壤生态系统健康,其影响程度与受旅游干扰的强度呈正相关。在今后的研究中要拓展旅游干扰研究的内容,重视旅游地土壤健康评价;在发展旅游过程中应加强对旅游地的科学管理,注重生态环境修复。Soil health refers to the ability of soil to maintain the sustainable development of plants,animals and human beings.At present,the research on soil health mainly focuses on the green development of agriculture,but rarely involves the soil health of tourist destinations.In order to understand the impact of tourism activities on soil health,the related contents were summarized from three aspects:soil physical and chemical properties,soil biological properties and soil ecological functions.Tourism disturbance increased soil bulk density,firmness and heavy metal content,and decreased litter thickness and soil fertility.Tourism has changed the structure of soil biological community,in which the aggregation degree of soil animal surface layer,the abundance and diversity of soil microorganisms,and the height,coverage and diversity of herbaceous plants have decreased significantly in the severely disturbed areas.Tourism interference affects all links of soil nutrient cycle,and also weakens soil water and soil conservation capacity.Tourism affects the health of soil ecosystem,and its degree of influence is positively correlated with the intensity of tourism interference.In the future research,we should expand the research content of tourism interference and attach importance to the soil health evaluation of tourist destinations.In the process of developing tourism,we should strengthen the scientific management of tourist destinations and pay attention to the restoration of ecological environment.

关 键 词：旅游干扰 土壤健康 土壤性质 土壤生态功能 

分 类 号：S154.1[农业科学—土壤学]