弹体材料性能对超高速侵彻深度的影响规律  

Influences of material properties of a projectile on hypervelocity penetration depth

作　　者：钱秉文[1] 周刚[1] 李名锐[1] 陈春林[1] 高鹏飞 沈子楷 马坤[1] QIAN Bingwen;ZHOU Gang;LI Mingrui;CHEN Chunlin;GAO Pengfei;SHEN Zikai;MA Kun(Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology,Xiʼan 710024,Shaanxi,China;Department of Engineering Physics,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]西北核技术研究院,陕西西安710024 [2]清华大学工程物理系,北京100084

出　　处：《爆炸与冲击》2024年第10期156-166,共11页Explosion and Shock Waves

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11802248)。

摘　　要：为研究弹体材料参数(主要指屈服强度、韧性等)对超高速侵彻混凝土靶侵彻深度的影响规律,开展了不同材料性能的93W合金柱形弹以2300~3600 m/s的速度侵彻混凝土靶实验,得到了不同材料性能弹体的侵彻深度和残余弹体长度实验数据,并结合已有文献中的实验结果以及数值模拟方法,分析了材料参数对侵彻深度、残余弹体长度的影响规律。得到的结论如下:(1)如果弹体材料的韧性增强而强度不变,残余弹体特征参数并未显著改变,侵彻深度无显著变化,侵彻深度极大值对应的弹速也无显著变化;(2)如果弹体材料的强度提高而韧性不变,则弹体抵抗侵蚀的能力提升,使弹体残余长度增加,侵彻阶段的临界转变速度增加,进而使刚体侵彻深度和总侵深增加,同时使弹体侵彻深度极大值对应的侵彻速度提高。In order to study the influence of projectile material parameters(mainly strength,toughness,etc.)on the penetration depth of hypervelocity penetrating concrete targets,experiments of 93W alloy column-shaped projectiles with different material properties penetrating concrete targets at 2300–3600 m/s were carried out on a 57/10 two-stage light gas gun.The projectile velocity was measured by a laser velocimetry system,of which the uncertainty is less than 1%.The experimental data of penetration depth and residual projectile length of different projectiles were obtained by computed tomography(CT)diagnosis technology,which can achieve a measurement accuracy of 0.1 mm.Combined with the experimental results and numerical simulation of Euler type finite element method in the literature,the influences of material parameters on the penetration depth and length of the residual projectile at different impact velocities were analyzed.Numerical simulation was carried out based on the AUTODYN software.In the simulation process,tungsten alloy was described by the Grüneisen equation of state and Steinberg constitutive model,while concrete was described by the pressure-porosity equation of state and RHT dynamic damage constitutive model.The conclusions obtained are as follows.(1)If the toughness of the projectile material increases and the strength does not change,the characteristic parameters of the residual projectile,the penetration depth,and the velocity of the corresponding maximum penetration depth do not change significantly.(2)If the strength of the projectile material increases and the toughness is constant,the ability of the projectile to resist erosion can be enhanced,the residual length of the projectile increases,and the critical transition speed increases,thereby increasing the rigid penetration depth and total penetration depth.At the same time,the velocity corresponding to the maximum value of the projectile penetration depth increases.

关 键 词：超高速 侵彻 钨合金弹 强度 韧性 混凝土 二级轻气炮 

分 类 号：O385[理学—流体力学]