安全生产共生系统中共生单元间的互惠共生模式研究  

Mutually beneficial symbiotic modes between symbiotic units in the symbiotic system of safety production

作　　者：刘军 王新华[1] 付莉[1] LIU Jun;WANG Xinhua;FU Li(College of Economics and Management,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266590,China;College of Economics and Management,Taishan University,Taian 271021,China)

机构地区：[1]山东科技大学经济管理学院,山东青岛266590 [2]泰山学院经济管理学院,山东泰安271021

出　　处：《管理工程学报》2024年第6期201-215,共15页Journal of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51574157)。

摘　　要：根据生态学中的共生理论,政府、企业、企业员工可以看作是安全生产共生系统中的共生单元。为了设计既能提升安全生产水平,又能提高各共生单元收益的互惠共生模式,本文构建了安全生产水平随时间动态变化的微分博弈模型,并对不同共生模式下共生单元的安全生产努力程度、收益现值等进行了比较。研究发现:(1)税率越高,政府在安全生产方面的努力程度越高;政府分担企业安全生产成本比例越高,企业安全生产努力程度越高;企业员工安全生产努力对安全奖惩影响越大,其安全生产努力程度越高。(2)政府分担企业安全生产成本比例过高时,成本分担不利于政府收益的提升;员工安全生产努力对安全奖惩影响过大时,安全奖惩不利于政府收益、企业收益的提升。(3)一定条件下,安全奖惩机制、成本分担机制都能提高安全生产水平以及各共生单元的收益,并且两种机制共同作用下的安全生产水平以及总收益更高,但安全奖惩机制只有在较为严格的条件下才能实现共生单元互惠共生。It is of great significance for China′s economic and social development to coordinate economic benefits and safety production.On the one hand,the foundation of safety production in China is relatively weak.Improving the level of safety production is an important task for the government,enterprises,and other stakeholders of safety production.On the other hand,enterprises often face difficulties such as shortage of funds and rising costs,and the government′s financial operation environment is not optimistic.In this context,improving the level of safety production while considering economic benefits is an urgent problem for its stakeholders.Symbiosis theory indicates that the government,enterprises,and enterprise employees can be regarded as symbiotic units in the symbiotic system of safety production.According to the relationship between symbiotic units,designing a mutually beneficial symbiotic mode improves not only the level of safety production but also the income of each symbiotic unit,which can improve the efficiency and stability of the safety production symbiotic system.To design mutually beneficial symbiotic modes,a differential game model considering the dynamic change of safety production level with time was first constructed based on differential game theory.Then,the differential game model was solved by constructing the Hamilton Jacobi-Berman equation,and the safety production efforts of the symbiotic units and the safety production level of the entire symbiotic system were obtained.Subsequently,each symbiotic unit′s present value of income was obtained according to the safety production efforts of the symbiotic units.Finally,the safety level and total income of the symbiotic system under different conditions were compared,and the following findings were obtained.(1)The loss of safety accident,influence coefficient of safety production effort on safety level,and influence coefficient of safety production level on accident probability are positively related to the safety production efforts of symbi

关 键 词：安全生产 共生理论 共生模式 微分博弈 

分 类 号：C934[经济管理—管理学]