辽河盆地西部凹陷中深层超压体系成因机制研究  

Study on genetic mechanism of overpressure system in middle-deep layers in western sag of Liaohe Basin

作　　者：杨琳琳 付健[1] 陈昌[2] 孙永河 高荣锦[2] 周晓龙[2] 柳成志[1] 王琦[1] Yang Linlin;Fu Jian;Chen Chang;Sun Yonghe;Gao Rongjin;Zhou Xiaolong;Liu Chengzhi;Wang Qi(School of Earth Sciences,Northeast Petroleum University,Daqing 163318,China;Institute of Exploration and development,Liaohe Oil Field of CNPC,Panjin 124010,China;Chongqing Unconventional Oil and Gas Development Research Institute,Chongqing Institute of Science and Technology,Chongqing 401331,China)

机构地区：[1]东北石油大学地球科学学院,黑龙江大庆163318 [2]中国石油辽河油田公司勘探开发研究院,辽宁盘锦124010 [3]重庆科技学院重庆非常规油气开发研究院,重庆401331

出　　处：《能源与环保》2024年第10期106-118,共13页CHINA ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

基　　金：海南省重点研发项目(2DYF2023GXJS021);黑龙江省自然科学基金(LH2022D012)。

摘　　要：辽河盆地西部凹陷中深层发育明显超压,明确其超压的分布和形成机制对该地区中深层油气勘探具有重要意义。基于实测地层压力、测井曲线组合、超压成因判识图版及盆地模拟等方法,针对西部凹陷中深层超压发育特征、成因机制及超压对成藏的控制作用进行了研究。结果表明,西部凹陷整体发育超压型、常压型、低压型3类温压系统,超压主要发育在2500~4000 m的中深层,超压成因以欠压实作用为主。在中段冷家—雷家地区沙三段地层超压除欠压实作用贡献外,局部伴有生烃增压、成岩作用和构造挤压的混合贡献,北段因遭受过强烈的抬升剥蚀作用,表现为异常低压为主。采用盆地模拟手段对超压成因贡献量进行评价,其压力演化存在3期:第1期以构造沉降作用导致的欠压实作用为主;第2期由于地层抬升泄压,欠压实和流体膨胀作用经历短暂停止;第3期烃源岩到达生烃高峰,生烃增压作用逐渐增强且流体膨胀增压可达5 MPa。The western sag develops obvious overpressure in the middle-deep layers.To identify the distribution and formation mechanism of overpressure is of great significance for oil and gas exploration in this area.The development characteristics,genetic mechanism and control effect of overpressure on reservoir formation in the middle-deep layers of the western sag were studied based on the measured formation pressure,logging curve combination,overpressure identification chart and basin simulation in this study.The results indicate that the western sag as a whole develops three types of thermal compression systems:overpressure type,normal pressure type,and low pressure type.Overpressure mainly develops in the middle-deep layers between 2500 m and 4000 m,and the overpressure is mainly caused by undercompaction.In the middle section of the Lengjia and Leijia area,in addition to the contribution of undercompaction,the overpressure of the Es3 Formation is locally accompanied by a mixture of hydrocarbon generation,diagenesis,and tectonic compression.Due to the strong uplift and denudation in the north area,the Es3 Formation is mainly characterized by abnormal low pressure.Basin simulation method is used to evaluate the genetic contribution of overpressure.There are three stages of pressure evolution,the first stage is dominated by undercompaction caused by tectonic subsidence.In the second stage,due to the formation uplift and pressure relief,undercompaction and fluid expansion stopped briefly.In the third stage,the source rock reached the peak of hydrocarbon generation,and the hydrocarbon generation pressurization gradually increased and the fluid expansion pressurization reached 5 MPa.

关 键 词：超压分布 成因机制 贡献量 中深层 西部凹陷 

分 类 号：TE135[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]