某催化裂化装置催化剂失活原因分析  

ANALYSIS ON THE DEACTIVATION REASON OF CATALYTIC CRACKING CATALYST IN A PETROCHEMICAL PLANT

作　　者：宋月芹[1] 李畅 赵基钢[1] 周晓龙[1] Song Yueqin;Li Chang;Zhao Jigang;Zhou Xiaolong(School of Chemical Engineering,East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai 200237;Petrochemical Plant of SINOPEC Shengli Oilfield Company)

机构地区：[1]华东理工大学化工学院,上海200237 [2]中国石化胜利油田分公司石油化工总厂

出　　处：《石油炼制与化工》2024年第11期25-30,共6页Petroleum Processing and Petrochemicals

摘　　要：催化裂化(FCC)催化剂的失活是影响FCC装置产品质量以及经济效益的重要因素之一,剖析催化剂失活的原因对减缓或抑制催化剂失活有重要的理论指导意义。通过N 2吸附-脱附、X射线衍射、吡啶吸附红外光谱及X射线荧光等表征手段对某企业FCC催化剂的结构、酸性以及组成等性质进行了表征,结果表明,反应过程中催化剂中的分子筛结构发生了严重坍塌,比表面积大幅度下降,同时酸中心数目急剧下降。催化剂的不断再生使其不断经历高温水热过程;其次,反应失活后的催化剂上沉积了V、Ni与Ca等金属,是催化剂结构被破坏和酸性损失的另一个原因。The deactivation of catalytic cracking catalyst is one of the important factors that affect the product quality and economic benefit of catalytic cracking units.The analysis of the reasons for the catalyst deactivation is of great theoretical significance to slow down or restrain the catalyst deactivation.In the present work,the deactivated catalytic cracking catalyst in a petrochemical plant was characterized by N 2 physical adsorption,XRD,pyridine adsorption infrared(Py-IR)and X-ray fluorescence(XRF).The results showed that the structure of the molecular sieve in the deactivated catalyst collapsed seriously,the surface area decreased greatly,and the acid center decreased sharply.A large amount of V,Ni,Ca and other elements deposited on the deactivated catalyst.The continuous regeneration of the catalyst made the catalyst constantly subject to high temperature hydrothermal process,which could be one of the main factors of molecular sieve structure collapse.Secondly,the deposition of V,Ni and Ca could reacts with the molecular sieve and alumina on the catalyst at high temperatures,which was another reason for the catalyst structure damage.In addition,the deposition of metals also could poison the acid sites on the catalyst.These factors led to a significant decrease in catalyst acidity and to a permanent deactivation of the catalyst.

关 键 词：催化裂化 催化剂 失活 

分 类 号：TE624.91[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]