基于生态适应性理论的乡村生态风险评估——以福建山区乡村为例  

Rural Ecological Risk Assessment Based on Ecological Adaptability Theory:A Case Study of Fujian Mountainous Countryside

作　　者：何茜倩 罗涛[1,2] 陈晓菁 刘江 HE Qianqian;LUO Tao;CHEN Xiaojing;LIU Jiang

机构地区：[1]福州大学建筑与城乡规划学院 [2]福州大学福建省国土空间分析与模拟数字技术重点实验室

出　　处：《小城镇建设》2024年第11期77-86,共10页DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL CITIES & TOWNS

基　　金：福建省自然资源厅科技创新项目“福建自然资源适应性评价与管理对策研究”(编号:0151-01512207)。

摘　　要：乡村生态安全是多山地区乡村振兴可持续发展的重要保障。乡村生态风险评估为乡村生态安全保障提供依据。研究以福建山区乡村为例,借助生态适应性理论构建乡村生态风险评估框架,并借此框架评估乡村生态风险现状,以此核定乡村规划的用地布局合理性。结果表明:1)不同村庄在连通度、发展潜力和恢复力风险方面存在显著差异,反映各村庄的生态特征和应对能力各不相同。根据不同风险组合的类型将安后村划分为低发展潜力—低连通度—高恢复力类型,霞涌村等其余9个村庄划分为高发展潜力—低连通度—高恢复力类型。2)通过生态风险分级图与村庄规划图的对比,发现高风险区域多分布在人类开发重点区,林地等自然区域风险较低;多数村庄已采取措施减轻生态风险,但部分规划措施,如林地转水田仍会引发负面影响。本研究将为闽南地区的乡村生态风险评估和生态安全保障提供参考。In mountainous regions,rural ecological security is a crucial assurance for the sustainable development of rural revitalization.The foundation for rural ecological security is provided by rural ecological risk assessment.Using the mountainous villages of Fujian as an example,this study developed a framework for assessing rural ecological risk based on ecological adaptability theory.It then employed this framework to evaluate the current state of rural ecological risk and assess the rationality of land use arrangement in rural planning.The results show that:1)There are significant differences in risks related to connectivity,development potential,and resilience among different villages,reflecting the varying ecological characteristics and adaptive capacities of each village.Based on the types of risk combinations,Anhou Village was classified as low development potential-low connectivity-high resilience,while the other nine villages,including Xiayong Village,were classified as high development potential-low connectivity-high resilience.2)When comparing ecological risk classification maps with village planning maps,it was found that high-risk areas are mostly concentrated in areas focused on human development,while natural areas such as forest land have lower risks.Most villages have taken measures to mitigate ecological risks,but some planning decisions,such as converting forest land to paddy fields,still have adverse effects.This study will serve as a reference for assessing ecological risks and ensuring ecological security in villages in southern Fujian.

关 键 词：乡村振兴 生态风险 生态适应性 风险评价 闽南地区 

分 类 号：TU982.29[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]