严寒环境下智能服装电加热技术热舒适性效果评价  

Thermal comfort effect evalution of intelligent clothing electric heating technology in harsh cold environment

作　　者：李琳 郭书文 贺军 刘瑞霞 LI Lin;GUO Shuwen;HE Jun;LIU Ruixia(Institute for Hygiene of Ordnance Industry,Xi'an,710065,China)

机构地区：[1]兵器工业卫生研究所,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《棉纺织技术》2024年第11期22-26,共5页Cotton Textile Technology

基　　金：装备预研项目支持(YY10903)。

摘　　要：为明确严寒环境中满足人体热舒适性的加热服指标,选择市面常见材质电加热服,在-20℃以下环境中进行试验,监测试验前和过程中人体穿着服装内外温度变化,结合调查问卷,分析严寒环境中人体热舒适性在试验前后的变化情况,并通过ANSYS仿真分析不同温度下维持人体热舒适性的加热服所需功率。试验结果表明:测试用服装保暖性能排序为碳纳米管羽绒服>石墨烯棉服>石墨烯羽绒服>石墨烯背心≈电热背心。问卷结果表明:相较试验前,试验后各被试者均有明显冷的感受,四肢不够灵活,稍微僵硬,反应速度变迟钝,热舒适方面明显感到不适。仿真结果表明:环境温度为-10℃、-20℃、-30℃和-40℃,维持4 h人体边界体感温度在18℃以上、服装热阻为3 clo时,所需加热功率分别为150 W/m^(2)、280 W/m^(2)、380 W/m^(2)和500 W/m^(2)。该热舒适性效果评价为极端寒冷环境作业的加热材质及服装选择提供理论数据,有助于智能化自适应温度调节服的研究。To clarify the indicators of heating clothing that could meet human thermal comfort in harsh cold environments,electric heating clothing with common materials on the market were selected and tested in environments below-20℃.The temperature changes inside and outside the clothing worn by the human body were monitored before and during the experiment.Combined with a survey questionnaire,the changes in human thermal comfort before and after the experiment in harsh cold environments were analyzed,and the power required for heating clothing to maintain human thermal comfort at different temperatures was analyzed through ANSYS simulation.The experimental results showed that the thermal insulation performance of the tested clothing was ranked as follows:carbon nanotube down jacket>graphene cotton jacket>graphene down jacket>graphene vest≈electric vest.The results of the questionnaire showed that,compared with the pre-test,all subjects felt significantly colder after the test,their limbs were not flexible enough,they were slightly stiff,their reaction speed was slowed down,and they were obviously uncomfortable in terms of thermal comfort.The simulation results showed that the required heating powers were 150 W/m^(2),280 W/m^(2),380 W/m^(2),and 500 W/m^(2) respectively when the ambient temperature was-10℃,-20℃,-30℃,and-40℃,and the human body boundary sensory temperature was maintained above 18℃for 4 h and the clothing Cro value was 3.The thermal comfort effect evaluation could provide theoretical data for the selection of heating materials and clothing in extreme cold environment,which was helpful for the research of intelligent adaptive temperature regulating clothing.

关 键 词：严寒环境 碳纳米管 石墨烯材料 热舒适性 智能服装 

分 类 号：TS941[轻工技术与工程—服装设计与工程]