海东地区汛期精细化小时降水特征分析  

Characteristics of Fine Hourly Precipitation During Flood Season in Haidong Region

作　　者：赵全顺 安得香 王探文 鲁晓瑛 刘豫 Zhao Quanshun;An Dexiang;Wang Tanwen;Lu Xiaoying;Liu Yu(Huzhu Meteorological Bureau of Qinghai Province,Huzhu 810500,China;Hualong Meteorological Bureau of Qinghai Province,Hualong 810900,China)

机构地区：[1]青海省互助县气象局,互助810500 [2]青海省化隆县气象局,化隆810900

出　　处：《青海科技》2024年第4期158-163,共6页Qinghai Science and Technology

摘　　要：利用2016-2022年青海省海东地区42个区域自动站小时降水数据,从不同时间尺度分析海东地区近7 a降水精细化特征,得出结论如下:(1)降水量具有明显的年际变化,2018年降水异常偏多,3-12时降水峰值随年度变化时间提前,于2021年开始清晨的降水峰值消失,对应2021年开始海东汛期的降水量减少。(2)海东地区降水存在显著的月际差异,降水量大值主要集中在8月,汛期午后的降水主要由于降水强度的增大所导致。不同于降水量与降水频次,降水强度的大值主要集中于7-8月。(3)2016-2022年海东地区年均降水量总体呈山区多南面少的空间分布特征,降水量和降水范围分别表现为昼少夜多、夜大日小。受海拔高度影响具有明显的夜雨特征,黄河河谷降水量总体较小;且因下垫面分布不均匀,降水主要集中在午后至傍晚前后,多为对流性降水。分析结果对于更好地了解区域降水变化规律和提升精细化降水预报水平等具有重要的参考意义。Based on the hourly precipitation data from 42 regional automated stations in the Haidong area from 2016 to 2022,the study analyzed the refined characteristics of precipitation in Haidong over the past seven years at different temporal scales.The findings were as follows:(1)There was a clear interannual variation in precipitation.The year 2018 experienced abnormally high rainfall.The peak rainfall time from 3 to 12 AM was advancing each year,and in 2021,the early morning peak had disappeared.This corresponded to the reduction in rainfall during the flood season in Haidong starting from 2021.(2)There was a significant monthly variation in rainfall in the Haidong area.The highest rainfall was typically in August,and the increase in precipitation during the flood season in the afternoon was primarily due to increased rainfall intensity.Unlike the total rainfall and frequency,the highest rainfall intensity mainly occured in July and August.(3)From 2016 to 2022,the annual average rainfall in the Haidong area generally showed a spatial distribution of"more in the mountains,less in the south".The volume and range of rainfall were characterized by"less during the day,more at night"and"greater at night,smaller during the day"respectively.Influenced by the altitude,there was a distinct characteristic of night rain,with the Yellow River valley receiving generally less rainfall.Due to the uneven distribution of the underlying surface,rainfall mainly concentrated from the afternoon to early evening,predominantly being convective in nature.The analysis results had important reference significance for better understanding the regional precipitation variation law and improving the level of refined precipitation forecasting.

关 键 词：海东地区 汛期 精细化 日变化 

分 类 号：P426.6[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]