6个橡胶树新品种在德宏州的区域性试验研究  

Regional Test of Six New Varieties of Hevea brasiliensis in Dehong Prefecture

作　　者：李洪坤[1] 王春梅 张源源[2] 张孝云[1] 普思维 李金涛[1] 侍勋 孟纯兰 殷山山[1] 李守岭[1] LI Hong-kun;WANG Chun-mei;ZHANG Yuan-yuan;ZHANG Xiao-yun;PU Si-wei;LI Jin-tao;SHI-Xun;MENG Chun-lan;YIN Shan-shan;LI Shou-ling(Yunnan Dehong Institute of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Ruili 678600,China;Rubber Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou 571101,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省德宏热带农业科学研究所,云南瑞丽678600 [2]中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所,海南海口571101

出　　处：《江西农业学报》2024年第10期8-14,共7页Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系“国家天然橡胶产业技术体系项目”(CARS-33-YN2)。

摘　　要：为筛选出适宜德宏植胶区的橡胶树新品种,引进了热研879、热垦628、热研73397、IAN873、热垦525、湛试32713这6个橡胶树新品种,在瑞丽市进行生产性试种,并对引进品种的茎围、产量、干胶含量、死皮率、抗寒性等指标进行了评价。结果表明:(1)开割前热垦628、热研73397、IAN873的茎围增粗表现较好,第8年达开割标准;开割后湛试32713,热垦628、热研73397和热垦525的茎围平均净增粗较高、速生特性好。(2)平均株次干胶产量表现为热研879极显著高于对照,热垦628显著高于对照;单位面积干胶产量以热垦628与热研879较高,均与对照之间差异极显著;热垦628的平均干胶含量较低,显著低于对照,其他品种与对照之间差异不显著。(3)死皮率表现为热垦628>湛试32713>IAN873>热研879>热研525>云研77-4(CK)>热研73397,4、5级死皮率表现为热垦525>热垦628>热研73397>IAN873>热研879>湛试32713>云研77-4(CK)。(4)热垦628和湛试32713的抗寒性表现较好,IAN873、热研879和热垦525的抗寒性表现较差。鉴于6个橡胶品种在德宏州种植的综合表现,立地环境较好林段可优先选择种植高产品种热研879,以往有轻微寒害发生的林段可选择高产抗寒品种热垦628。In order to select new rubber tree varieties suitable for Dehong rubber-planting areas,six new rubber tree varieties,including Reyan 879,Reken 628,Reyan 73397,IAN873,Reken 525 and Zhanshi 32713,were introduced and field-tested in Ruili City.Indicators such as stem circumference,yield,dry rubber content,tapping panel dryness rate and cold tolerance indexes of 6 new varieties of rubber trees were evaluated comprehensively.The results showed that:(1)Stem girth increased faster in Reken 628,Reyan 73397 and IAN873 before tapping and can reach to the tapping standard in the 8th year.Stem girth increased faster in Zhanshi 32713,Reken 628,Reyan 73397 and Reken 525 after tapping,and maintained rapid growth compared with the control.(2)Average dry rubber yield per tapping of Reyan 879 was significantly higher than that of the control,and Reken 628 was significantly higher than that of the control.The dry rubber yield of per hectare in Reken 628 and Reyan 879 was better than that of the control,and the difference was very significant.The Dry rubber content of Reken 628 was lower than that of the control.The difference was significant compared with the control.There was no significant difference between other varieties and the control.(3)Incidence of tapping panel dryness was as follows:Reken 628>Zhanshi 32713>IAN873>Reyan 879>Reken 525>Yunyan 77-4(CK)>Reyan 73397,TPD rate of Level 4 and 5 was as follows:Reken 525>Reken 628>IAN873>Reyan 73397>Reyan 879>Zhanshi 32713>Yunyan 77-4(CK).(4)The cold-tolerant indexes of Reken 628 and Zhanshi 32713 is better,and the cold tolerance indexes of IAN873,Reyan 879 and Reken 525 is worse.In view of the comprehensive performance of 6 rubber varieties in Dehong,the rubber tree Reyan 879 can be selected as the renewal of rubber gardens with better natural stands conditions,The high-yielding and cold-resistant varieties Reken 628 and IAN873 can be selected forarea with mild cold injury in the past.

关 键 词：橡胶树 品种 德宏植胶区 区域性试验 干胶含量 死皮率 抗寒性 

分 类 号：S794.1[农业科学—林木遗传育种]