基于曼宁公式的汾河生态系统服务价值研究  

Ecosystem service value of Fenhe River based on Manning formula

作　　者：燕翔 牛存稳[1] 贾仰文[1] 岁姚炳 王东东 晏思怡 YAN Xiang;NIU Cunwen;JIA Yangwen;SUI Yaobing;WANG Dongdong;YAN Siyi(State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulatory of Water Cycle in River Basin,China Insttute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室,北京100038

出　　处：《南水北调与水利科技（中英文）》2024年第5期927-936,共10页South-to-North Water Transfers and Water Science & Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3201105);国家高层次人才特殊支持计划项目(WR0166A012019);流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室自主研究项目(SKL2020ZY04)。

摘　　要：河流生态系统服务价值核算可为确定河道生态流量以及分析生态补水的效益提供重要参考。选择汾河为典型研究对象,考虑汾河水库、义棠、河津等6个干流水文站的断面形状、河道坡降和糙率等河道参数,基于水力学原理和生态系统服务价值核算方法,开展不同流量下的河流生态系统服务价值变化规律研究。结果表明:河流生态系统服务价值随流量的增加呈逐步减缓的上升趋势,而单方水的河流生态系统服务价值随流量的增加呈逐步减缓的下降趋势;按照汾河枯水期流量不低于15 m^(3)/s的保障要求进行生态补水,需要年引黄水量6亿m^(3),可带来生态效益52.44亿元/a。研究结果可为生态与经济用水的竞争权衡、河道生态流量的确定和保障提供科学依据。The value of river ecosystem services was a crucial factor in determining the necessary ecological flow of river courses and ensuring the success of ecological water supplement projects.The primary course of the Fenhe River served as a case study to improve the traditional method of calculating river ecosystem service values by incorporating the Manning formula.Six hydrological stations,including Fenhe Reservoir Station,Yitang Station,and Hejin Station,were analyzed for their complex cross-sectional configurations and hydraulic parameters such as longitudinal gradient ratio and river roughness.This comprehensive approach was essential in understanding the diverse and variable nature of river ecosystem service values.A detailed analysis was conducted to explore the variability of river ecosystem service values.The results indicated a clear increase in river ecosystem service values with rising flow levels,although this increase exhibited diminishing marginal returns.The ecological and economic value of a single cubic meter of river water showed a gradual decrease as flow levels increased,indicating a progressively slower rate of decline.This phenomenon underscored the importance of optimizing flow levels to maximize both ecological and economic benefits without overburdening the river system.The relationship between flow and river water ecological value,combined with the actual situation of the study area,suggested that there was a range of flow rates that could both maintain a healthy river ecosystem and maximize socio-economic development.Significant insights were revealed when the Fenhe River introduced six hundred million cubic meters of Yellow River water,ensuring an ecological water supplement of at least fifteen cubic meters per second during the dry season.Under these conditions,the ecological economic value of a single cubic meter of water in the main stream of the Fenhe River was determined to be 8.74 yuan.Consequently,the annual ecological value of the river was calculated to be 4.131 billion yuan.These

关 键 词：曼宁公式 生态系统服务价值 河道断面形状 当量因子法 汾河 

分 类 号：TV213.44[水利工程—水文学及水资源]