沙丘尺度一年生植物的分布特征及影响因素  

Distribution characteristics and factors influencing annual plants on the dune scale

作　　者：韩志立 张雪莲 王梦亭 刘纪元 尹本丰 陶冶 程军回 HAN Zhili;ZHANG Xuelian;WANG Mengting;LIU Jiyuan;YIN Benfeng;TAO Ye;CHENG Junhui(College of Resources and Environment,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学资源与环境学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《草业科学》2024年第10期2295-2305,共11页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：NSFC-新疆联合基金重点项目(U2003214)。

摘　　要：一年生植物是一类独特的生物类群,在维持荒漠生态系统的稳定中具有重要意义。为了解古尔班通古特沙漠一年生植物在线性沙丘上的分布特征及其影响因素,在沙漠腹地两个相邻沙丘建立一个220 m×110 m样地,并设置214个5 m×5 m样方,详细调查了仅有的4种一年生植物的多度和相应环境因子,系统分析了不同物种多度在不同坡位和整个沙丘上的分布格局及其与环境的关系。结果表明:沙蓬(Agriophyllum squarrosum)主要以聚集状分布在沙丘顶部,角果藜(Ceratocarpus arenarius)、刺沙蓬(Salsola ruthenica)和对节刺(Horaninowia ulicina)多随机分布在坡中和丘间低地。各物种的多度在不同坡位和坡向间均有明显差异,其中沙蓬多度在坡顶最高,刺沙蓬和角果藜在背风坡最集中。半方差分析表明,所有物种均显示出中等的结构变异(34.5%~57.0%);克里格插值分析表明,各物种的空间分布格局各异,但均有明显的斑块化和纵向分布特征。影响不同物种空间分布的因素各异,其中地形是影响沙蓬分布的主要因子,角果藜、刺沙蓬和对节刺的分布主要受到土壤理化性质的影响,多度从流沙区向丘间低地随着土壤养分的增加而增加。其中,3种一年生植物与全氮、全磷、电导率和土壤含水率正相关,而与pH负相关,但仅能解释8.89%~9.71%的总变差,更多受其他因素的影响。研究揭示了沙丘上一年生植物种群的空间分布特征,对荒漠生物多样性保护以及建立科学合理的植物固沙措施具有积极的指导作用。Annual plants are unique organisms,and maintaining the stability of the desert ecosystem is of great significance.To understand the distribution characteristics of Gurbantunggut Desert annual herbaceous plants in the linear sand dunes and influencing factors,a 220 m×110 m area of sand dunes in desert hinterland was investigated by examining 214 survey points of 5 m×5 m.A detailed investigation of four kinds of annual plants was performed;a corresponding system analysis of the different species abundances in different slope positions,distribution patterns,and relationships with the environment was utilized.The results showed that Agriophyllum squarrosum are mainly distributed on the top of the sand dunes,and Ceratocarpus arenarius,Salsola ruthenica,and the Horaninowia ulicina exhibit a more random distribution in the slope and hill between the lowland.The abundance of each species in different slope positions and directions was different;A.squarrosum was most abundant at the highest point,and S.ruthenica was mostly concentrated in the leeward slope.The variance analysis showed that all species exhibited a moderate structural variation(34.5%~57.0%);Kriging interpolation points showed that the spatial distribution patterns of each species are different,but they all have obvious patchy and vertical distribution characteristics.Different factors affect the spatial distribution of different species,of which topography is the main factor affecting the distribution of A.squarrosum.C.arenarius,S.ruthenica,and H.ulicina distribution is mainly affected by the soil physical and chemical properties,and abundance increased with the increase in soil nutrients.The abundance of three kinds of annual plants showed a positive correlation with total nitrogen,total phosphorus,conductivity,and soil moisture content,and a negative correlation with pH,but this can explain only 8.89%~9.71%of the total variation.This study revealed the population spatial distribution features of annuals in the dunes and will help direct efforts to ensur

关 键 词：纵向沙丘 一年生植物 分布特征 相对高度 坡位 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]