中性混合盐下切花非洲菊‘云南红’的生长、光合及生理特性  

Effects of neutral salt mixture on growth,photosynthesis,and physiological characteristics of Gerbera jamesonii‘Yunnan Red’

作　　者：宋俊志 许承轩 武文韬 张云 王靖涵 高青海 贾双双 SONG Junzhi;XU Chengxuan;WU Wentao;ZHANG Yun;WANG Jinghan;GAO Qinghai;JIA Shuangshuang(College of Agriculture,Anhui Science and Technology University,Fengyang 233100,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽科技学院农学院,安徽凤阳233100

出　　处：《草业科学》2024年第10期2368-2376,共9页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：安徽省教育厅重点项目(KJ2017A514);安徽省2018年度重点研究与开发计划项目(1804g07020176);安徽科技学院自然重点项目(2021zrzd10);2021年安徽省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202110879220)。

摘　　要：为探究切花非洲菊(Gerbera jamesonii)‘云南红’幼苗的耐盐生理机制,本研究以非洲菊幼苗为试验材料,利用不同浓度(0、50、100、150、200、250 mmol·L^(-1))中性混合盐溶液(NaCl和Na_(2)SO_(4)摩尔比为9:1)来模拟盐渍土,研究其对非洲菊幼苗生长、光合及生理特性的影响。结果表明:当混合中性盐浓度≤100 mmol·L^(-1)时,低盐胁迫刺激非洲菊幼苗叶片通过提高超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)等保护酶活性来清除积累的活性氧,保持质膜稳定,净光合速率(P_(n))、气孔导度(Gs)和蒸腾速率(Tr)少量升高,促进非洲菊地上部与地下部鲜重增加;当中性混合盐浓度≥150 mmol·L^(-1)时,高盐胁迫导致活性氧过量累积,丙二醛(MDA)含量显著增加,质膜透性加剧,又因非气孔限制因素的加持,非洲菊叶片的P_(n)、Tr和Gs急剧下降,严重影响其生长。综上,‘云南红’非洲菊幼苗具有一定耐盐性,其可耐50~100 mmol·L^(-1)的Na Cl和Na_(2)SO_(4)摩尔比为9:1的中性混合盐胁迫。To investigate the physiological mechanism of salt tolerance in the cut flower Gerbera jamesonii‘Yunnan Red’seedlings,the present experiment was conducted to simulate saline soil with different concentrations(0,50,100,150,200 mmol·L^(-1))of neutral mixed salt solution(NaCl and Na_(2)SO_(4)molar ratio of 9꞉1)and investigate their effects on growth,photosynthesis,and physiological characteristics of Gerbera seedlings.The experiment showed that when the mixed neutral salt concentration was≤100 mmol·L^(-1),the low salt stress stimulated the leaves of Gerbera seedlings to scavenge accumulated reactive oxygen species by increasing the activities of protective enzymes,such as superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD),catalase(CAT),to maintain the stability of plasma membrane.In addition,the amount of the net photosynthesis rate(Pn),stomatal conductance(Gs),and transpiration rate(Tr)increased,promoting the increase of fresh weight of aboveground and belowground parts of Gerbera.When the neutral mixed salt concentration was≥150 mmol·L^(-1),the high salt stress led to excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species,significant increase in MDA content,intensified plasma membrane permeability,and a sharp decrease in Pn,Tr,and Gs of Gerbera leaves.This may be due to the addition of non-stomatal limiting factors,which seriously affected their growth.This study indicates that‘Yunnan Red’Gerbera seedlings are salt tolerant,and they can tolerate a neutral mixture of salt stress with a molar ratio of 50~100 mmol·L^(-1)NaCl and Na_(2)SO_(4)of 9꞉1.

关 键 词：非洲菊 生长发育 光合参数 抗氧化酶 非气孔限制 活性氧 渗透调节物质 

分 类 号：S682.11[农业科学—观赏园艺]