数字经济发展与代际职业流动——基于人力资本异质性视角  

Development of the Digital Economy and Intergenerational Occupational Mobility—From the Perspective of Human Capital Heterogeneity

作　　者：杨芸 YANG Yun(School of Economics,Hunan University of Finance and Economics,Changsha,Hunan 410205)

机构地区：[1]湖南财政经济学院经济学院,湖南长沙410205

出　　处：《管理现代化》2024年第5期101-112,共12页Modernization of Management

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金项目“制造业数字化促进高质量就业的影响机理、传导路径及优化机制研究”(2022JJ40020);湖南省教育厅科研项目“制造业服务化转型与高质量就业的协同推进与可持续机制研究”(21B0837);湖南省社科联科研项目“以保障性住房加快推进农业转移人口市民化的路径研究”(XSP22YBC219)。

摘　　要：数字经济发展深刻地影响着劳动力市场,并正在逐步改变传统代际流动模式。本研究在理论分析的基础上,利用2016和2018CLDS数据实证研究了城市数字经济发展对代际职业流动的影响,结果表明数字经济发展在总体上加快了代际职业流动,但这种影响主要集中在低人力资本劳动力身上,对高人力资本劳动力没有显著影响。而后,一系列稳健性检验支持了该结论。进一步的机制研究表明,数字经济发展会通过优化胜任机制、增收预期机制和职业选择扩大机制,对不同人力资本水平的劳动力产生差异化影响,进而导致了代际职业流动的差异性。本文的研究表明数字经济发展能够有效推动包容性增长、提升劳动力市场运行效率,从而防止代际流动固化,有效兼顾效率与公平。The development of the digital economy profoundly influences the labor market and gradually changes traditional patterns of intergenerational mobility.Based on theoretical analysis and using data from the 2016 and 2018 CLDS,this study empirically investigates the impact of urban digital economy development on intergenerational occupational mobility.The results show that the development of the digital economy generally accelerates intergenerational occupational mobility,but this effect is mainly concentrated on low human capital labor.There is no significant impact on high human capital labor.A series of robustness tests confirm this conclusion.Further mechanistic research indicates that the development of the digital economy has differential impacts on different human capital labor through mechanisms such as optimizing competency,increasing income expectations,and expanding career choices.These mechanisms lead to differences in intergenerational occupational mobility.The conclusions of this study suggest that the development of the digital economy can effectively promote inclusive growth,enhance the efficiency of the labor market,prevent the stagnation of intergenerational mobility,and effectively balance efficiency and equity.

关 键 词：数字经济 代际职业流动 人力资本 就业质量 

分 类 号：F241.4[经济管理—劳动经济] F49[经济管理—国民经济]