不同大小库尔勒香梨果实品质综合评价  

Comprehensive Evaluation of Fruit Quality of Korla Pear of Different Sizes

作　　者：俞安炜 阿不都苏甫尔·吾甫尔江 温玥 唐寒娇 覃伟铭 田嘉 YU Anwei;ABUDUSUFUER·Wufuerjiang;WEN Yue;TANG Hanjiao;QIN Weiming;TIAN Jia(College of Horticulture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830052;Korla Qianhe Agricultural Development Co.Ltd.,Korla,Xinjiang 841000;Xinjiang Korla Fragrant Pear Industry Development Co.Ltd.,Korla,Xinjiang 841000)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学园艺学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]库尔勒千合农业开发有限公司,新疆库尔勒841000 [3]新疆库尔勒香梨产业发展有限公司,新疆库尔勒841000

出　　处：《北方园艺》2024年第20期16-22,共7页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区天山创新团队资助项目(2023D14015)。

摘　　要：以成熟香梨为试材,按照果实单果质量分为<100 g、100~120 g、120~140 g、140~160 g、160~180 g、180~200 g、>200 g 7个等级,对外观品质和内在品质进行测定,采用模糊综合评判等权法和模糊综合评判加权法进行综合评价,探究库尔勒香梨果实大小与品质之间的关系,以期为库尔勒香梨分级标准提供参考依据。结果表明:随着果实增大,硬度先减小后增大、总糖含量增大、细润度等级变差,不同果实大小总酸含量无显著差异,果形指数、总酸含量、糖酸比在不同果实大小中无显著性差异。单果质量与总糖均呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),与细润度、果点呈极显著负相关(P<0.01)。模糊综合评判等权法和模糊综合评判加权法结果较为一致,2种综合评价方法中综合评分前3位果实大小均大于140 g,综合评价表明,单果质量140~160 g果实品质最佳。Taking ripe Korla pears as the test materials,the fruits were divided into seven grades based on their single fruit weight,<100 g,100-120 g,120-140 g,140-160 g,160-180 g,180-200 g,and>200 g.Both their external and internal qualities were measured,and a comprehensive evaluation was conducted using the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation equal-weight method and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation weighted method to explore the relationship between fruit size and quality of Korla pear,in order to provide reference for the grading standards of Korla pears.The results showed that as the fruit size increased,the hardness first decreased and then increased,the total sugar content increased,and the fine and smooth grade worsened.There was no significant difference in the total acid content among different fruit sizes.The fruit shape index,total acid content,and sugar-to-acid ratio did not differ significantly among different fruit sizes.There was a highly significant positive correlation between single fruit weight and total sugar(P<0.01)and a highly significant negative correlation between single fruit weight and fine smoothness,as well as fruit dots(P<0.01).The results of the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation equal-weight method and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation weighted method were relatively consistent.The fruit sizes with the top three comprehensive scores in both evaluation methods were greater than 140 g.The comprehensive evaluation indicated that fruits with single fruit weight of 140-160 g had the best quality.

关 键 词：库尔勒香梨 果实品质 果实大小 综合评价 

分 类 号：S661.2[农业科学—果树学]