外源GA_(3)对“白雪塔”牡丹花期生理效应的影响  

Effects of Exogenous GA_(3)on Physiological Effect of Peony‘White Snow Tower’at Flowering Stage

作　　者：陶良如[1,2] 米银法 TAO Liangru;MI Yinfa(Landscape Engineering College,Henan Agricultural Vocational College,Zhengzhou,Henan 451450,2.College of Horticulture and Plant Protection,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang,Henan 471003)

机构地区：[1]河南农业职业学院园林工程学院,河南郑州451450 [2]河南科技大学园艺与植物保护学院,河南洛阳471003

出　　处：《北方园艺》2024年第20期37-45,共9页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31872157);河南省杰出青年基金资助项目(202300410152);国家重点实验室开放课题资助项目(20120630)。

摘　　要：以观赏牡丹“白雪塔”为试材,采用植株喷施法,研究了外源赤霉素(GA_(3))对牡丹花期生理效应的影响,以期为牡丹产业中的催花调控、切花生产及旅游创收等方面提供参考依据。结果表明:外施500 mg·L-1GA_(3)可使“白雪塔”提前4~5 d开花且花期延长2~3 d,有效拓宽了观赏花期。同时还显著降低了幼叶和花瓣内脱落酸(ABA)含量,提高了GA_(3)、生长素(IAA)含量及IAA/ABA、GA_(3)/ABA、(IAA+GA_(3))/ABA比值。低含量的ABA和高比值的(IAA+GA_(3))/ABA是“白雪塔”花期延长的重要内部激素调控因素。此外,外施GA_(3)还显著降低了花期衰老进程中的超氧阴离子(O·2)产生速率和丙二醛(MDA)含量,提高了可溶性蛋白质含量及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性。与各自对照相比,幼叶内可溶性蛋白质含量和SOD活性分别比对照提高了39.3%~118.2%、20.7%~38.3%;花瓣可溶性蛋白质含量和SOD活性则分别提高了43.0%~60.3%、23.9%~57.0%(P<0.05)。可溶性蛋白质含量及SOD活性的提高,有效缓解了因开花衰老诱发的过量活性氧对细胞膜脂造成的过氧化伤害,在抑制初花至败花期时的组织衰老方面,发挥了重要的防御作用。Taking peony‘White Snow Tower’as the test material,using plant spraying method,the effects of exogenous GA_(3)on the physiological effect of peony at flowering stage were studied,in order to provide reference for the florescence regulation,cut flower production and tourism income generation in peony industry.The results showed that 500 mg·L-1 GA_(3)could accelerate the flowering time of‘White Snow Tower’by 4-5 days and prolong the flowering time by 2-3 days.At the same time,the contents of ABA in young leaves and petals were significantly decreased,and the contents of GA_(3),IAA,the ratios of IAA/ABA,GA_(3)/ABA and(IAA+GA_(3))/ABA were increased.Low content of ABA and high ratio of(IAA+GA_(3))/ABA were important internal hormone regulatory factors for the flowering duration of‘White Snow Tower’.In addition,the application of GA_(3)significantly decreased the production rate of O·〖TX--*9〗2,the content of MDA,but increased the content of soluble protein and the activity of SOD.Compared with the control,the soluble protein content and SOD activity in young leaves increased by 39.3%-118.2%and 20.7%-38.3%,respectively.The content of soluble protein and the activity of SOD increased by 43.0%-60.3%and 23.9%-57.0%respectively(P<0.05).The increase of soluble protein content and SOD activity could effectively alleviate the peroxidation damage of cell membrane lipid caused by excessive reactive oxygen species induced by flowering senescence,played an important role in defense.

关 键 词：牡丹 外源GA_(3) 花期 生理效应 “白雪塔” 

分 类 号：S682.1[农业科学—观赏园艺]