氨基酸肥和腐植酸肥配施尿素对土壤有效氮及辣椒产量的影响  

Effects of Amino Acid Fertilizer and Humic Acid Fertilizer Combined With Urea on Soil Available Nitrogen and Pepper Yield

作　　者：臧龙飞 韩国君[1] 杨晓兵 ZANG Longfei;HAN Guojun;YANG Xiaobing(College of Resources and Environment,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学资源与环境学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《北方园艺》2024年第20期55-62,共8页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31960631)。

摘　　要：以“美国红”辣椒为试材,采用大田试验方法,在相同供氮水平下,共设置不施肥(CK)、常规施肥(F)、40%氨基酸肥N+60%尿素N(FA)、40%腐植酸肥N+60%尿素N(FH)、20%氨基酸肥N+20%腐植酸肥N+60%尿素N(FAH)5个处理,研究了氨基酸肥和腐植酸肥配施尿素对辣椒土壤有效氮、微生物量氮含量、相关酶活性及辣椒产量的影响,以期为河西灌区辣椒土壤的培肥模式提供参考依据。结果表明:各处理根际土壤氮供应指标、生物学特性指标含量均为各土层中最高,氨基酸肥、腐植酸肥配施尿素对比单施尿素对土壤全氮提升效果并不明显,但对土壤有效氮、土壤微生物量氮、土壤脲酶活性提升效果显著,氨基酸肥、腐植酸肥配施尿素能够有效提高辣椒产量,改善辣椒干物质分配比例。各处理以FA处理提升效果最为明显。根际土中,对比单施尿素土壤铵态氮、硝态氮含量分别提升了12.69%、27.58%;0~20 cm土层中,对比单施尿素土壤铵态氮、硝态氮含量分别提升了14.24%、41.75%;20~40 cm土层中,对比单施尿素土壤铵态氮、硝态氮含量分别提升了21.47%、58.85%。F、FA、FH、FAH处理每667 m^(2)产量对比CK增产率分别为10.72%、15.19%、14.64%、12.92%。相关性分析表明各指标间呈极显著正相关。由此可见,氨基酸、腐植酸肥配施尿素能够有效提高土壤有效氮含量及辣椒产量,且各处理以40%氨基酸肥+60%尿素提升潜力最大。‘American red’pepper was used as the test material.Under the same nitrogen supply level,five treatments were set up,no fertilizer(CK),conventional fertilizer(F),40%amino acid fertilizer N+60%urea N(FA),40%humic acid fertilizer N+60%urea N(FH),20%amino acid fertilizer N+20%humic acid fertilizer N+60%urea N(FAH).The effects of amino acid fertilizer and humic acid fertilizer combined with urea on soil available nitrogen,microbial biomass nitrogen content,related enzyme activity and pepper yield were studied,in order to provide reference for the fertilization mode of pepper soil in Hexi irrigation area.The results showed that the contents of nitrogen supply index and biological characteristics index in rhizosphere soil of each treatment were the highest in each soil layer.The effect of amino acid fertilizer and humic acid fertilizer combined with urea on soil total nitrogen was not obvious compared with single urea application,but the effect on soil available nitrogen,soil microbial biomass nitrogen and soil urease activity was significant.The application of amino acid fertilizer and humic acid fertilizer combined with urea could effectively increase the yield of pepper and improve the proportion of dry matter distribution of pepper.The effect of FA treatment was the most obvious in each treatment.In rhizosphere soil,the content of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen increased by 12.69%and 27.58%respectively compared with that of urea alone.In the 0-20 cm soil layer,the content of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in the soil increased by 14.24%and 41.75%,respectively,compared with the single application of urea.In the 20-40 cm soil layer,the contents of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in the soil were increased by 21.47%and 58.85%,respectively,compared with the single application of urea.The yield increase rates of F,FA,FH and FAH treatments compared with CK per 667 m2 were 10.72%,15.19%,14.64%and 12.92%,respectively.Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation bet

关 键 词：辣椒-土壤 氨基酸肥 腐植酸肥 土壤有效氮 

分 类 号：S641.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]