一起猪水肿病的紧急流行病学调查  

An Emergency Epidemiological Investigation on Swine Edema Disease

作　　者：王正义 蔡冬冬[1] 张辉[1] 张毅[1] 侯巍[1] 李盛琼 沈朝建[2] 阳爱国[1] Wang Zhengyi;Cai Dongdong;Zhang Hui;Zhang Yi;Hou Wei;Li Shengqiong;Shen Chaojian;Yang Aiguo(Sichuan Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan,China;China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center,Qingdao 266032,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省动物疫病预防控制中心,四川成都610041 [2]中国动物卫生与流行病学中心,山东青岛266032

出　　处：《中国动物检疫》2024年第10期18-22,共5页China Animal Health Inspection

基　　金：中国兽医现场流行病学培训项目(CFETPV);四川省科技计划项目(2022ZDZX0017)。

摘　　要：2023年7月14—24日,四川省金堂县某生猪代养场仔猪出现神经症状且大量死亡。为找出病因并评估传播风险,赴现场开展了紧急流行病学调查。调查发现,该场共有仔猪4484头,发病857头、死亡583头,袭击率为19.11%,病死率为68.03%。结合现场调查及实验室检测结果,判定这是一起由于气温骤降,圈舍保温措施不足,同时在断奶、疫病等应激下,机体抵抗力降低,致病性大肠杆菌大量繁殖引起的猪水肿病疫情。并舍、静默管理措施及场内生物安全管理不严是疫情在场内扩散的原因。追踪调查显示,疫情外泄风险较小。通过抗生素治疗、及时清理病死猪、强化保暖及生物安全等措施,疫情得到有效控制。该起疫情提示,对断奶仔猪应避免气温突降应激,加强圈舍保温管理,提高仔猪抵抗力,以防引发病原感染,同时养殖场人员应加强生物安全学习,提高饲养管理能力,以防此类事件再次发生。A large number of piglets with serious neurological symptoms died on a contracted farm in Jintang County,Sichuan Province from July 14 to 24,2023.In order to find out the cause of the disease and to evaluate possible risk of transmission,an emergency epidemiological investigation was conducted at the site.It was found that there were 4484 piglets on the farm,including 857 sick and 583 dead piglets,with an attack rate of 19.11%and a fatality rate of 68.03%.Based on field investigation and laboratory test results,it was confirmed to be an outbreak of swine edema disease(ED)caused by sudden drop in air temperature and poor insulation measures in pig houses as well as reduction of body resistance and mass production of pathogenic Escherichia coli under stress reaction caused by weaning or diseases.The outbreak was spread across the farm because of incorporating pig houses,standstill management and poor biosafety management.It was investigated that the outbreak was at low risk of leakage.The disease was effectively controlled through antibiotic treatment,timely removal of dead piglets,strengthening thermal preservation and biosecurity measures.In conclusion,for weaned piglets,it was necessary to avoid any stress due to sudden drop in temperature,and to improve insulation capacity of pig houses to improve piglets'resistance,and thus to avoid any pathogen infection,meanwhile,operators should continuously learn knowledge about biosafety,and improve their ability of feeding management,so as to avoid any similar event.

关 键 词：猪水肿病 紧急流行病学调查 病因 

分 类 号：S851.3[农业科学—预防兽医学]