保温板用聚氨酯硬泡导热系数影响因素的研究  

Study on the Factors Affecting Thermal Conductivity of Rigid Polyurethane Foam in Insulation Boards

作　　者：王妍 周保顺 杨佳琳 WANG Yan;ZHOU Baoshun;YANG Jialin(Equipment Development Department of the Central Military Commission,Beijing 100120,China)

机构地区：[1]中央军委装备发展部,北京100120

出　　处：《聚氨酯工业》2024年第5期26-29,共4页Polyurethane Industry

摘　　要：采用不同的配方在异氰酸酯指数220%~400%范围内制备连续法硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料板材,考察了不同的泡沫稳定剂、聚酯多元醇、阻燃剂等原料,以及异氰酸酯指数和陈化时间对板材用聚氨酯硬泡导热系数的影响。结果表明,泡沫稳定剂通过控制发泡过程中泡孔闭孔率与泡孔大小来影响泡沫导热系数,应采用均衡性好或稍偏成核性的泡沫稳定剂;在羟值200~300 mgKOH/g范围内,提高聚酯多元醇羟值有利于增加泡沫交联度,提升泡沫强度,泡孔更细腻,导热系数更低;等质量使用5种常见添加型阻燃剂的泡沫样品的导热系数由高到低顺序为DMMP>TEP>DEEP>TCPP>TCEP,与其对泡沫的增塑能力保持一致;在220%~400%指数范围内,泡沫导热系数随着异氰酸酯指数的增加呈现出先减小后增大的趋势,在指数350%左右导热系数最低;泡沫导热系数随着陈化时间的推移逐渐提高,保留泡沫蒙皮有利于减缓导热系数的增加。The rigid polyurethane foam insulation panel was prepared with different formulations in the range of 220%~400%isocyanate index by continuous process.The effects of different foam stabilizer,polyester polyol and flame retardant,isocyanate index and aging time on the thermal conductivity of the foam were studied.The results showed that the foam stabilizer affected the thermal conductivity of foam by controlling the closed cell rate and cell size in the foaming process,and the foam stabilizer with good balance or slight nucleation should be used.In the range of 200~300 mgKOH/g hydroxyl value,increasing the hydroxyl value of polyester polyol was beneficial to increasing the crosslinking degree of the foam,which improved the strength of the foam,making the foam more delicate and having a lower thermal conductivity.The thermal conductivity of foam samples with equal quality using 5 kinds of common added flame retardants was DMMP>TEP>DEEP>TCPP>TCEP in the order of high to low,which was consistent with the plasticizing ability of foam.In the range of 220%~400%isocyanate index,the thermal conductivity of foam decreased first and then increased with the increase of isocyanate index,and the thermal conductivity was the lowest at about 350%isocyanate index.The thermal conductivity of the foam increased gradually with aging time,and the retention of the foam skin was beneficial to slow down the increase of thermal conductivity.

关 键 词：聚氨酯 硬质泡沫塑料 保温板材 异氰酸酯指数 聚异氰脲酸酯 导热系数 

分 类 号：TQ328.3[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]