1959年美苏首脑戴维营会谈与台湾问题  

1959 Camp David Talks Between US and Soviet Leaders and the Taiwan Question

作　　者：冯琳[1,2] Feng Lin(School of History,University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences;Institute of Modern History,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学历史学院 [2]中国社会科学院近代史研究所

出　　处：《台海研究》2024年第3期85-96,共12页Cross-Taiwan Strait Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“美国对台政策及蒋美互动的历史考察(1949-1979)”(课题编号21AZS011)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：1959年夏,前苏联领导人赫鲁晓夫借美国媒体表达了为中国台湾不惜一战的态度,随后赫鲁晓夫访美,在戴维营与美国总统艾森豪威尔进行了会谈。这一会谈的目的本不是为台湾问题,但国民党当局将其视为苏联全球战略的一部分,认为会谈表面为解决柏林问题,实则是为台湾问题,因而严阵以待,多次与美方交涉。国民党方面不希望美国提及中国,要求美国倘若提起时应及时洽商,不改变其政策立场,不向苏联作区域性妥协,并盼在代表权等问题上加强台湾地位。在对台湾问题性质的看法上,赫鲁晓夫认为中国与德国的分裂问题有本质的不同,不可混为一谈,中国的台湾问题没有谈判的余地。In the summer of 1959,Soviet leader Khrushchev expressed his attitude of fighting for Taiwan ,China through the US media.Later,Khrushchev visited the United States and held talks with US President Eisenhower at Camp David.The purpose of this talks was not for the Taiwan question,but the Kuomintang authorities regarded it as a part of the Soviet Union's global strategy.They believed that the talks were ostensibly about resolving the Berlin issue,but in fact they were for the Taiwan question.Therefore,The Kuomintang authorities were on the alert and combat-ready,and repeatedly negotiated with the US counterpart.They did not want the United States to mention China issue and asked the United States to negotiate in a timely manner in case mentioning it.The United States was required not to change its policy stance,not to make regional compromises with the Soviet Union,and to strengthen Taiwan's status on issues such as the representation in the United Nations.In the view of the nature of the Taiwan question,Khrushchev believed that the secession question of China and that of Germany were fundamentally different and cannot be confused.He considered that here was no room for negotiation on China's Taiwan question.

关 键 词：戴维营会谈 台湾问题 艾森豪威尔 赫鲁晓夫 蒋介石 

分 类 号：D871.2[政治法律—政治学] D851.2[政治法律—外交学] D675.8