非粮化耕地土壤健康评价:以浙江省宁波市东吴镇为例  

Soil health evaluation of non-grain cultivated land:A case study of Dongwu Town,Ningbo City,Zhejiang Province,China

作　　者：赵玉枭 肖谋良 崔鑫涛 鲁顺保[1] 王双 祝贞科 张艳杰[1] 葛体达 ZHAO Yuxiao;XIAO Mouliang;CUI Xintao;LU Shunbao;WANG Shuang;ZHU Zhenke;ZHANG Yanjie;GE Tida(College of Life Science,Jiangxi Normal University,Nanchang 330022,China;College of Enrironment and Resources,Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou 311300,China;State Key Laboralory for Managing Biotic and Cherical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products,Institute of Plant Virology,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]江西师范大学生命科学学院,南昌330022 [2]浙江农林大学环境与资源学院,杭州311300 [3]宁波大学植物病毒学研究所,农产品质量安全危害因子与风险防控国家重点实验室,浙江宁波315211

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2024年第10期2785-2793,共9页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家食用豆产业技术体系项目(CARS-08-G-09);国家自然科学基金项目(32260297);宁波市科技局项目(2022Z169,2023Z114);浙江省科技厅项目(2023C02016,2023C02005);江西师范大学研究生国内访学研究项目资助。

摘　　要：耕地非粮化利用对农田土壤生态和土壤健康造成威胁,制约了粮食生产。为明确非粮化利用下耕地土壤关键障碍因子,探讨其土壤质量和土壤功能的变化,综合评估非粮化利用对农田土壤健康状况的影响,本研究采用土壤质量指数法和土壤多功能性指数法结合敏感性、抗性指标,对不同非粮化利用方式下(蔬菜、竹林-空茬、苗木-撂荒、苗木-水稻)耕地土壤健康进行评价。结果表明:竹林-空茬处理下土壤有机碳和全氮(TN)分别为蔬菜、苗木-撂荒、苗木-水稻处理的95.3%、66.7%、65.7%和82.6%、57.0%、59.5%。蔬菜土壤电导率为其他非粮化耕地土壤的2.2~2.5倍;全磷和硝态氮分别为其他非粮化耕地土壤的1.8~2.0和3.5~5.5倍。不同非粮化利用方式中,蔬菜处理的土壤质量指数和土壤多功能性指数均为最高,与之相比,竹子-空茬(50.2%和22.7%)、苗木-撂荒(38.3%和14.4%)和苗木-水稻处理(27.7%和8.5%)的土壤质量指数和多功能性指数均显著下降。随机森林模型分析发现,有效钾和有效氮(AN)是影响土壤质量指数的关键因子之一,TN和与土壤碳循环相关的纤维素酶和木聚糖酶活性是影响土壤多功能性指数的关键因子之一。此外,有效磷、AN、TN和酶活性是非粮化耕地土壤变化较敏感的指标。本研究通过综合评价非粮化耕地土壤质量,明确了关键障碍因子,可为非粮化耕地土壤健康培育和可持续利用提供理论基础。Non-grain utilization of cultivated land threatens farmland ecological environment and soil health,which restricts grain production.To identify the key obstacle factors of cultivated soil under non-grain utilization,explore the changes of soil quality and function,and evaluate the effects of non-grain utilization on the health of farmland soil,we evaluated soil health of farmland under different non-grain utilization types(vegetables,bamboo-abandoned,nursery-grown plant-abandoned,nursery-grown plant-rice)by soil quality index and soil multifunctionality index method combined with sensitivity and resistance approaches.The results showed that soil organic carbon and total nitrogen(TN)in the bambo0-abandoned soil were 95.3%,66.7%,65.7%and 82.6%,57.0%,59.5%of those under vegetables,nursery-grown plant-abandoned and nursery-grown plant-rice treatments,respectively.The electrical conductivity of vegetable soil was 2.2-2.5 times that of other soils of non-grain cultivated land.Total phosphorus and nitrate nitrogen were 1.8-2.0 times and 3.5-5.5 times of other soils of non-grain cultivated land,respectively.Among different non-grain utilization types,soil quality index and soil multifunctionality index of vegetable soil were the highest.Soil quality index and soil multifunctionality index decreased significantly in bambooabandoned(50.2%and 22.7%),nursery-grown plant-abandoned(38.3%and 14.4%)and nursery-grown plantrice(27.7%and 8.5%)treatments,compared with that of vegetable soil.Random forest model analysis showed that available potassium and available nitrogen(AN)were the key factors affecting soil quality index.TN,cellulase and xylanase activities that related to soil C cycle were the key factors affecting soil multifunctionality index.In addition,available phosphorus,AN,TN and enzyme activity were sensitive indices to soil change in non-grain cultivated land.By comprehensively evaluating soil quality of non-grain cultivated land,we identified the key obstacle factors and provide a theoretical basis for the healthy soi

关 键 词：耕地非粮化 土地利用方式 雷达图面积法 土壤多功能性 土壤质量 土壤养分 

分 类 号：S158.2[农业科学—土壤学]