基于DNA宏条形码技术研究水母食性:以海蜇为例  

Investigating jellyfish diet with DNA macrobarcoding:A case study in Rhopilema esculentum

作　　者：陈百灵 李玉龙[1] 鲍相渤[1] 周遵春[1] 李云峰[1] CHEN Bailing;LI Yulong;BAO Xiangbo;ZHOU Zunchun;LI Yunfeng(Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute/Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Aquatic Germplasm Resource,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Marine Fishery,Dalian 116023,Liaoning,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省海洋水产科学研究院/农业农村部水产种质资源保护与发掘利用重点实验室/辽宁省分子生物学重点实验室,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2024年第10期2887-2896,共10页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：辽宁省博士科研启动基金计划项目(2022-BS-053);辽宁省农业农村厅委托项目(2023YW-2-9,2024YW-2-4);辽宁省海洋水产科学研究院高层次人才科研启动项目(2022RC001)资助。

摘　　要：选取辽东湾围海养殖池塘海蜇为研究对象,利用DNA宏条形码技术对其食物组成和摄食选择性进行研究。提取海蜇水母体胃含物及所处水环境样品DNA,选用18S rDNA V4区和线粒体细胞色素c氧化酶亚基I(COI)两种宏条形码标记进行高通量测序鉴定。结果表明:基于18S rDNA宏条形码在海蜇胃含物中检出27个物种门类,其中软体动物门占绝对优势,其次是节肢动物门,在水环境样品中检出34个物种门类,其中甲藻门为优势门类,其次是纤毛虫门和子囊菌门;基于COI宏条形码在海蜇胃含物中检出18个物种门类,同样是软体动物门占绝对优势,其次是节肢动物门,在水环境样品中检出22个物种门类,其中变形菌门占绝对优势,其次是甲藻门和节肢动物门。两种宏条形码标记检出的海蜇食物均包括软体动物门、节肢动物门、链形植物门、纤毛虫门、甲藻门、硅藻门、绿藻门、真菌及细菌等。利用Ivlev选择指数对海蜇摄食选择性进行分析发现,海蜇对中小型浮游动物,如软体动物门和节肢动物门有摄食偏好。以上研究结果表明,DNA宏条形码技术在水母类群的食性研究中具有良好的应用前景。We investigated food composition and feeding selectivity of jellyfish(Rhopilema esculentum)from the coastal aquaculture ponds in Liaodong Bay by DNA metabarcoding technology.The DNA from environmental water samples and stomach contents of R.esculentum were extracted and sequenced by high-throughput sequencing with 18S rDNA V4 region and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I(COI)as metabarcoding markers.Based on 18S rDNA metabarcoding,we detected 27 phyla in the stomach contents of R.esculentum,in which Mollusc was the dominant phylum followed by Arthropod,and 34 phyla in the environmental water samples,in which Pyrrophyta was the dominant phylum followed by Ciliophora and Ascomycota.Using COI metabarcoding,18 phyla were detected in the stomach contents of R.esculentum,with Mollusc as the dominant phylum and followed by Arthropod.22 phyla were detected in the environmental water samples,in which Proteobacteria was the dominant phylum followed by Pyrrophyta and Arthropod.Results of both methods indicated R.esculentum food included Mollusc,Arthropod,Streptophyta,Ciliophora,Pyrrophyta,Bacillariophyta,Chlorophyta,fungi,bacteria,etc.We analyzed the feeding selectivity of R.esculentum by the Ivlev selection index and found that they preferred small-and medium-sized zooplankton like Mollusc and Arthropod.Our results showed that DNA metabarcoding technology has the potential to investigate the feeding habits of jellyfish species.

关 键 词：水母 COI 18SrDNA 食物组成 摄食选择性 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学]