浙江省野猪资源及与人类冲突现状  

Wild boar resource and its conflict with human in Zhejiang Province,East China

作　　者：谭莉萍 刘俊辰 王剑武[2] 宋虓 章书声 陈锋[2] 赵闪闪 徐爱春 TAN Liping;LIU Junchen;WANG Jianwu;SONG Xiao;ZHANG Shusheng;CHEN Feng;ZHAO Shanshan;XU Aichun(College of Life Sciences,China Jiliang University,Hangzhou 310018,China;Zhejiang Forest Resources Monitoring Center,Hangzhou 310020,China;Management Center of Wuyanling National Natural Reserve in Zhejiang,Wenzhou 325500,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]中国计量大学生命科学学院,杭州310018 [2]浙江省森林资源监测中心,杭州310020 [3]浙江乌岩岭国家级自然保护区管理中心,浙江温州325500

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2024年第10期2907-2915,共9页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32101405);浙江省珍稀濒危野生动植物抢救保护工程项目(2021-2025)资助。

摘　　要：人兽冲突是生物多样性保护的重要研究主题,了解野生动物资源及与人类冲突现状有助于野生动物的可持续保护与管理。野猪作为世界上分布最广的有蹄类之一,近年来种群数量不断增长,与人类冲突加剧。为摸清浙江省野猪种群数量、分布与危害程度,本研究于2019年1月-2023年8月在浙江省共抽取11个区县,布设红外相机1271台,并对全省90个区县内的野猪危害状况进行调查。结果表明:1)共获得野猪独立照片5226张,基于随机相遇模型计算得到浙江省野猪密度为(1.8±0.4)头·km^(-2),数量为(115156±24072)头;2)全省60.0%的区县均有野猪危害发生,受损最严重的3个地级市为丽水、杭州和金华;3)野猪与人冲突次数与植被面积呈显著正相关,与各区县国内生产总值(GDP)呈显著负相关;野猪损害植被面积与区域植被总面积呈显著正相关。研究表明,野猪在浙江省全域均有分布且种群基数较大,野猪损害和与人冲突事件主要在浙西和浙南山区较为严重,野猪损害与各区县植被面积和GDP有较强相关性。Human-wildlife conflict is one of the important research topics in biodiversity and conservation.Understanding the status of wildlife resources and its conflict with human could promote the sustainable protection and management of wildlife.Wild boar(Sus scrofa)is one of the most widely distributed ungulates in the world,with an increasing population and recently rising levels of conflict with human.Research on wild boar abundance,distribution and crop damage is an urgent priority in Zhejiang Province,China.We set up a total of 1271 infrared cameras in 11 districts/counties of Zhejiang Province from January 2019 to August 2023 and surveyed the levels of wild boar damage in 90 districts/counties.Results showed that:1)a total of 5226 independent photos of wild boar were obtained.Based on the random encounter model,the density and number of wild boars in Zhejiang Province was(1.8±0.4)ind·km^(-2)and(115156±24072)individuals,respectively.2)Wild boar damage occurred in 60.0%of the districts/counties in Zhejiang Province.The three cities that most seriously damaged by wild boar were Lishui,Hangzhou and Jinhua.3)The number of conflicts between human and wild boar was positively correlated with vegetation area and negatively correlated with CDP.The area of vegetation damaged by wild boar was positively correlated with the total area of regional vegetation.We found that wild boars are distributed in 1l prefecture-level cities in Zhejiang Province and the population is large.The damage of wild boars and conflicts with people are particularly serious in the mountainous areas in south and west.The damage of wild boars is strongly correlated with vegetation area and GDP.

关 键 词：人兽冲突 随机相遇模型 损害补偿 有蹄类 华东地区 

分 类 号：S863[农业科学—野生动物驯养]