2016—2022年荆州市农药中毒流行病学分析  

Epidemiological analysis of pesticide poisoning in Jingzhou City from 2016 to 2022

作　　者：何诗琪 纪天鹏[1,2] 贺勇 王志成[1,2] HE Shiqi;JI Tianpeng;HE Yong;WANG Zhicheng(Occupational Disease Prevention and Control Institute,Jingzhou Center for Disease Contorl and Prevention,Jingzhou,Hubei 434000,China;Public Health Research Center,Yangtze University,Jingzhou,Hubei 434000,China)

机构地区：[1]荆州市疾病预防控制中心职业病防治所,湖北荆州434000 [2]长江大学公共卫生研究中心,湖北荆州434000

出　　处：《职业与健康》2024年第15期2132-2135,2140,共5页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的分析荆州市农药中毒流行病学特征,为农药中毒的防控提供依据。方法导出“职业病及健康危害因素监测信息系统”中荆州市2016—2022年农药中毒报告病例,对中毒病例进行三间分布等描述性统计分析。结果2016—2022年荆州市累计报告农药中毒病例4961例,死亡1738例,死亡率为35.0%,以生活性中毒为主,其病例数占比为91.5%(4538/4961)。2016—2022年农药中毒报告病例数呈整体上升趋势;农药中毒高发于6—8月,其病例数占比为32.1%(1594/4961)。公安县报告病例数最多,其病例数占比高达68.8%(3412/4961),中毒病例男女性别比为1∶0.99,生产性中毒中男性多于女性。中毒病例平均年龄为64.2岁,≥66岁年龄组中毒病例数占比[55.3%(2744/4961)]和死亡率[47.7%(1310/1738)]均最高。中毒农药类型以有机磷等杀虫剂为主,其病例数占比为40.0%(1983/4961),但死亡率最高的农药类型为生物化学农药,为68.2%(533/781)。结论荆州市农药中毒以生活性中毒为主,有机磷等杀虫剂为高危毒物。建议管理部门根据农药中毒的高发时间、地区和人群特征制定针对性的防控措施,并加大农药监管力度。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of pesticide poisoning in Jingzhou City,and provide evidence for the prevention and control of pesticide poisoning.Methods The reported cases of pesticide poisoning in Jingzhou City from 2016 to 2022 were extracted from the Occupational Disease and Health Hazard Monitoring Information System,and descriptive statistical analysis was made on the distribution of poisoning cases among three areas.Results From 2016 to 2022,a total of 4961 cases of pesticide poisoning were reported in Jingzhou City,including 1738 deaths,the fatality rate was 35.0%.The majority of cases were domestic poisoning,accounting for 91.5%of the cases(4538/4961).The number of reported cases of pesticide poisoning showed an overall upward trend from 2016 to 2022,with the highest incidence of pesticide poisoning occurred from June to August,accounting for 32.1%(1594/4961)of the total cases.Gongan County reported the largest number of cases,accounting for 68.8%(3412/4961)of the total cases.The sex ratio of male to female was 1∶0.99,and there were more males than females in productive poisoning cases.The average age of poisoning cases was 64.2 years old,and the proportion of poisoning cases[55.3%(2744/4961)]and fatality rate[47.7%(1310/1738)]were the highest in the age group of≥66 years old.The main types of toxic pesticides were organophosphorus and other insecticides,accounting for 40.0%(1983/4961)of cases.However,the type of pesticides with the highest mortality was biochemical pesticides,accounting for 68.2%(533/781).Conclusion Domestic pesticide poisoning is the main pesticide poisoning in Jingzhou City,and organophosphorus and other insecticides are high-risk poisons.It is suggested that management department formulate targeted prevention and control measures based on the high incidence time,region and population of pesticide poisoning,and increase pesticide supervision efforts.

关 键 词：农药中毒 网络直报 流行病学分析 

分 类 号：R181.31[医药卫生—流行病学]