建立和完善我国医疗机构成人预防接种服务体系专家共识  

Expert consensus on the construction and improvement of adult vaccination service system at medical institutions

作　　者：中国医药卫生文化协会疫苗与健康分会 中华预防医学会旅行卫生专业委员会 冯录召 李燕明[3] 陈恩富[4] 彭志行 Committee for Vaccine and Health,China Health Culture Association;Committee for Travel Health,Chinese Preventive Medicine Association;Feng Luzhao;Li Yanming;Chen Enfu;Peng Zhihang(不详;School of Population Medicine and Public Health,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College,State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity,Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and Control(Peking Union Medical College),Ministry of Education,Beijing 100005,China;Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine,Beijing Hospital,National Center of Gerontology,Institute of Geriatric Medicine,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Beijing 100730,China;Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hangzhou 310051,China;Division of Infectious Diseases,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]不详 [2]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院群医学及公共卫生学院、呼吸与共病全国重点实验室、病原体感染防控教育部重点实验室(北京协和医学院),北京100005 [3]北京医院呼吸与危重症医学科,北京100730 [4]浙江省疾病预防控制中心,杭州310051 [5]中国疾病预防控制中心传染病管理处,北京102206

出　　处：《中华预防医学杂志》2024年第10期1493-1500,共8页Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：中国民族卫生协会([2022]287)。

摘　　要：《"健康中国 2030"规划纲要》提出要提供公平可及、系统连续的健康服务,以实现全民健康。然而,随着我国人口老龄化程度加剧,慢性非传染性疾病和传染病的双重负担将对公众健康带来负面影响。老年人群因流感病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒、肺炎链球菌等导致高住院率,甚至死亡。同时,我国成年人慢性疾病和共病患病率持续增加,这些高危人群罹患感染性疾病可能引起并发症并导致严重临床结局。接种疫苗被认为是预防传染病最具成本效益的措施,在显著降低个人疾病负担的同时,还可以有效地控制人群中疫情传播的风险。目前,中国成人预防接种服务体系依然不健全,难以充分发挥疫苗全生命期健康保护的作用。因此,为提高成人预防接种服务水平和全人群疫苗接种率,本文基于文献回顾和专家研讨,分析当前成人预防接种服务的现状及挑战,提出在医疗机构构建和完善成人预防接种服务体系的建议,为卫生健康和疾病预防控制主管部门制定相关政策提供参考。The "Healthy China 2030" plan outlines the goal of providing equitable, accessible, and continuous health services to achieve overall health for the population. However, with the increasing aging population in China, the burden of chronic non-communicable diseases and infectious diseases negatively impacts public health. The elderly population has high hospitalization rates due to infections from influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, and Streptococcus pneumoniae, which can even lead to death, posing a heavy economic burden on the healthcare system. Meanwhile, the prevalence of chronic diseases and multimobidity among adults are continuously rising, and infections could attack the high-risk groups which cause comlicaitons and severe outcomes. Vaccination is considered as most cost-effective measure for preventing infectious diseases, significantly reducing the disease burden on individuals while effectively controlling the spread of epidemics within the community. Currently, the adult vaccination service system in China is significantly lagging, making it difficult to fully utilize the health protection benefits of vaccines throughout the entire lifecycle. Therefore, to improve adult vaccination services and increase the vaccination rate among high-risk populations for severe diseases, this expert consensus analyzes the current status and challenges of adult vaccination services based on literature reviews and expert discussions. To provide suggestions for the establishment and improvement of adult vaccination service system, and reference health authorities and disease control and prevention departments to formulate relevant policies.

关 键 词：疫苗 免疫预防 预防接种服务 医疗机构 医防融合 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]