变压器绕组典型故障的特征参量及其变化规律研究  

Research on Characteristic Parameters and Their Variation Patterns of Typical Faults in Transformer Windings

作　　者：侯玉鹏 李峰 艾福强 刘灿东 郑纪虎 张平 HOU Yupeng;LI Feng;AI Fuqiang;LIU Candong;ZHENG Jihu;ZHANG Ping(TBEA Technology Investment Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 301700,China)

机构地区：[1]特变电工科技投资有限公司,天津301700

出　　处：《变压器》2024年第11期17-28,共12页Transformer

摘　　要：在变压器运行过程中,铁心受磁化作用后会发生弹性变形,导致变压器振动。然而,受长期振动影响,变压器的绕组可能发生松动、错位和翘曲等机械故障,对变压器的安全运行造成隐患。因此,本文对变压器绕组的上述三种典型机械故障展开研究,首先,本文搭建了变压器振动故障试验平台,介绍了绕组松动、绕组错位和绕组翘曲三种典型机械故障的模拟方法。其次,探究了变压器的运行电压、负载电流、油温、传感器错位以及变压器不同相对变压器振动特征参量的影响。最后,利用变压器振动故障试验平台模拟了绕组松动、绕组错位和绕组翘曲三种典型机械故障,并通过多参量监测系统获取到各种故障状态下的数据,总结了变压器绕组发生三种典型机械故障时振动参量的变化规律。试验结果表明,当变压器绕组发生三种典型机械故障时,其振动参量会发生定性的规律性变化。研究结果能够为变压器振动故障在线监测提供技术支撑,具有较高的研究价值。During the operation of a transformer,the iron core undergoes elastic deformation due to magnetization,resulting in transformer vibration.However,prolonged vibration can lead to mechanical faults such as loosening,misalignment,and warping of the transformer's windings,posing potential risks to the transformer's safe operation.Consequently,this paper investigates these three typical mechanical faults of transformer windings.Firstly,a transformer vibration fault test platform is established,which introduces simulation methods for the three typical mechanical faults:winding loosening,winding misalignment,and winding warping.Secondly,the study explores the effects of transformer operating voltage,load current,oil temperature,sensor misalignment,and different transformer phases on the values of transformer vibration characteristic parameters.Lastly,the transformer vibration fault test platform is utilized to simulate the three typical mechanical faults,and a multi-parameter detection system is employed to collect data under various fault conditions.This data is then analyzed to summarize the patterns of change in vibration parameters when the transformer windings experience these three typical vibration faults.Experimental results demonstrate that qualitative and regular changes occur in the vibration parameters when the transformer windings suffer from these three typical mechanical faults.Such regular changes can provide technical support for online monitoring of transformer vibrations,underscoring high research value.

关 键 词：变压器 振动 绕组故障 特征参量 变化规律 

分 类 号：TM406[电气工程—电器]