阶梯形态与防汛挡板对城市地下空间阶梯水流中行人脆弱性的影响  

The influence of staircase pattern and flood blocking board setting on pedestrian vulnerability in urban underground staircase floodwaters

作　　者：吴文琪 朱中凡 张永鹏 刘姝悠 WU Wenqi;ZHU Zhongfan;ZHANG Yongpeng;LIU Shuyou(College of Water Science,Beijing Normal University,Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Hydrological Cycle and Sponge City Technology,Beijing,China;Natural Resources and Planning Bureau of Xiong’an New Area,Hebei Province,Xiong’an,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学水科学研究院,城市水循环与海绵城市技术北京市重点实验室,北京 [2]河北省雄安新区自然资源和规划局,河北雄安新区

出　　处：《北京师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第5期707-716,共10页Journal of Beijing Normal University(Natural Science)

基　　金：水利部珠江河口治理与保护重点实验室开放研究基金资助项目(2021KJ02)。

摘　　要：为研究不同型式阶梯地表洪水进入时的水动力过程与行人的安全逃生情形(或称行人脆弱性),分别设计了L、U、双分与双合这4种不同型态的阶梯,将F=v^(2)h(v和h分别为阶梯台阶上的洪水流速和积水深度)作为衡量阶梯水流中行人脆弱性特征的风险系数.结果表明,双分型阶梯的安全区域范围最大,U和L型阶梯次之,双合型阶梯最小.讨论了在阶梯入口增加防汛挡板后对行人脆弱性的影响,发现挡板越高对行人风险的削弱占比越大.研究结果可为地下空间阶梯设计和规划以及地下空间防洪疏散提供参考.To study the hydrodynamic process of surface floodwater intrusion into different types of staircases and pedestrian safety evacuation situations(also known as pedestrian vulnerability),four different types of staircases(L-shaped,U-shaped,double split shaped and double combined shaped),are designed.F,which equals to the square of v multiplied by h(v and h are the floodwater velocity and water depth on the staircase respectively),is used as danger index to measure pedestrian vulnerability characteristics in staircase flooding.It is found that the double split type of staircase has the largest safety area range,followed by U-shaped and L-shaped stairs,and double combined type.Impact of adding a flood blocking board at entrance of staircase on pedestrian vulnerability is discussed.High flood blocking board leads to a large reduced rate in pedestrian vulnerability.These data will be helpful for the design and planning of underground space staircases,for flood control and evacuation in underground spaces.

关 键 词：城市洪水 地下空间 阶梯 行人脆弱性 计算流体力学 

分 类 号：TV131[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]