基于容积法和水文模型法的海绵设施效能评估研究  

Assessing sponge facilities by volumetric and hydrological model methods

作　　者：卢兴超 徐宗学[1,2] 周玉文 LU Xingchao;XU Zongxue;ZHOU Yuwen(College of Water Sciences,Beijing Normal University,Beijing,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Hydrological Cycle and Sponge City Technology,Beijing,China;Department of Urban Construction,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学水科学研究院,北京 [2]城市水循环与海绵城市技术北京市重点实验室,北京 [3]北京工业大学城建学部,北京

出　　处：《北京师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第5期736-744,共9页Journal of Beijing Normal University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(52239003)。

摘　　要：为了提升海绵设施布设的科学性和合理性,充分发挥海绵设施的效能,提出了基于容积法和水文模型法的海绵设施效能评估方法.以迁安市某海绵型建筑小区为例,借助容积法量化海绵设计方案,利用水文模型设置海绵设施控制雨水的优选路径,分别选用2、5、10 a的短历时(2 h)设计降雨情景对海绵设施建设效能进行评估,结果表明:1)与排水口演算和不透水区演算模式相比,透水区演算模式更契合海绵城市建设理念;2)在2、5、10 a的短历时(2h)设计降雨情景下,相对于海绵设施布设前,布设后场地雨水径流总量削减率分别为86.9%、82.4%、79.6%,径流峰值流量平均削减为94.57%、87.89%、86.45%,雨水管道中最大充满度80%以上的管道长度分别降低了86.55%、85.27%、64.48%;3)在10 a一遇设计降雨重现期下,溢流节点J31在海绵设施布设后,井内最高水位降低了1.332 m,且其他9个溢流风险节点其水位也明显降低.上述研究表明,在低重现期短历时(2h)设计降雨情景下,海绵设施对场地径流总量、峰值流量有很好的削减作用,对雨水管道排水压力有显著减轻作用,对节点溢流风险有很好的控制效果,为今后开展海绵城市源头减排设施的布设提供了有价值的参考.To improve the scientific framework and rationality of sponge facilities,and fully leverage their efficiency,assessment based on volume and hydrological models was proposed.This was first applied to pilot area of spongy city in Qian’an,to be quantified by volume method,with optimal path for rainwater control.Short-term(2h)design rainfall scenarios with different recurrence periods(2-,5-and 10-year)were used to assess construction efficiency.Compared with“Outlet Routing”and“Impervious Area Routing”,“Pervious Area Routing”was more consistent with the construction concept of sponge city.Under 2-,5-and 10-year design rainfall scenarios,total reduction rates of rainwater runoff after construction of sponge facilities were 86.9%,82.4%and 79.6%,respectively,average reduction rates of peak runoff were 94.57%,87.89%and 86.45%,the length of stormwater pipeline with maximum filling degree exceeding 80%decreased by 86.55%,85.27%and 64.48%,respectively.Under the recurrence period of 10 years designed rainfall,the maximum water level in the well of the overflow node at node“J31”decreased by 1.332 m after construction of sponge facility compared with before,and other 9 overflow risk nodes also decreased significantly.These data suggest that under the design rainfall scenario of short-term and low recurrence period,sponge facilities showed good reduction on total runoff and peak discharge,significant reduction on drainage pressure of rainwater pipelines,and efficient control on overflow risk of nodes.These data will be useful for future deployment of source emission reduction facilities in the construction of sponge cities.

关 键 词：容积法 水文模型法 径流路径 优化 径流总量 峰值流量 溢流节点 

分 类 号：TU992[建筑科学—市政工程]