超级电容器用生物质基碳材料研究进展  

Research progress of biomass-based carbon materials for supercapacitors

作　　者：曲伟强 赵佳辉 王双 刘冬[1] 王淼[1] 王建成[1] 米杰[1] 冯宇[1] QU Weiqiang;ZHAO Jiahui;WANG Shuang;LIU Dong;WANG Miao;WANG Jiancheng;MI Jie;FENG Yu(State Key Laboratory of Clean and Efficient Coal Utilization,Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology,Ministry of Education,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,Shanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学省部共建煤基能源清洁高效利用国家重点实验室,煤科学与技术教育部重点实验室,山西太原030024

出　　处：《低碳化学与化工》2024年第10期38-46,共9页Low-Carbon Chemistry and Chemical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(22378292);山西省绿色环境催化关键技术研发科技创新人才团队(202204051002025)。

摘　　要：超级电容器作为一种清洁型电化学储能器件在实现可再生能源存储转化领域具有巨大潜力,而碳材料因具有微观孔隙结构可调节、化学稳定性优异的优点在电化学储能领域得到了广泛应用。与此同时,生物质作为制备碳基材料的可再生前体,具有储量丰富、易获取、环保且成本低的优点。然而,由于生物质碳前体的化学组成复杂,导致不同生物质衍生碳材料在微观结构和表面性质方面存在较大差异,生物质衍生碳材料在超级电容器中的实际应用具有一定挑战。对超级电容器用生物质基碳材料的研究现状进行了综述,总结了生物质的组成和生物质基碳材料的制备工艺对生物质基碳材料微观结构的影响,并对具有不同维度结构的生物质基碳材料在超级电容器中的应用进行了介绍。对生物质基碳材料在超级电容器中的应用进行了展望,以期为生物质基碳材料的结构和表面功能调控以及开发低成本且性能优异的超级电容器的电极材料提供参考。Supercapacitors,as clean electrochemical energy storage devices,have immense potential in the field of renewable energy storage and conversion.Carbon materials,known for their adjustable micro-porous structures and excellent chemical stability,are widely used in electrochemical energy storage.Concurrently,biomass,as a renewable precursor for preparing carbon-based materials,boasts advantages such as abundant availability,easy access,environmental friendliness and low cost.However,the complex chemical composition of biomass-derived carbon precursors results in significant variations in microstructure and surface properties of the derived carbon materials,posing certain challenges for their practical application in supercapacitors.The current states of research on biomassbased carbon materials for supercapacitors were reviewed.The influences of common compositions of biomass and the primary fabrication techniques of biomass-based carbon materials on the microstructures of the biomass-based carbon materials were summarized,and the applications of biomass-based carbon materials with different dimensional structures in supercapacitors were introduced.The future prospects of biomass-based carbon materials for supercapacitors were discussed,aiming to provide theoretical insights for the structural and surface functional control of biomass-based carbon materials,and the development of low-cost and high-performance electrode materials for supercapacitors.

关 键 词：生物质 热解 碳材料 电化学 超级电容器 

分 类 号：TQ15[化学工程—电化学工业]