青岛市部分高校大学生艾滋病认知与行为调查  

Investigation of HIV/AIDS Cognition and Behavior among Students in Some Colleges and Universities in Qingdao

作　　者：郭阿芳 黄克佳 张洪梅 Guo Afang;Huang Kejia;Zhong Hongmei(Laoshan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Qingdao,Shandong,266101,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛市崂山区疾病预防控制中心,山东青岛266101

出　　处：《中国初级卫生保健》2024年第10期75-78,共4页Chinese Primary Health Care

摘　　要：目的:了解青岛市部分高校大学生对艾滋病的认知和行为情况,为今后在高校中开展预防艾滋病健康教育和疾病控制工作提供依据。方法:2021—2023年每年在对青岛市3所高校4个校区进行艾滋病防治知识的宣传活动中,采用整群随机抽样法从每个校区抽取500名共2000名在校大学生,对其进行电子问卷调查。结果:2021—2023年大学生预防艾滋病相关知识总知晓率分别为90.00%、91.54%、93.42%,大学生对艾滋病认知态度逐年提高;知识来源途径主要为网络。大学生对于艾滋病基本知识、概念性问题掌握良好,知晓率超过90.00%,但部分学生对艾滋病的预防、感染途径和方法、避免使用新型毒品等知识缺乏准确认识,无保护高危性行为后应尽快进行艾滋病咨询与检测的知晓率低于90.00%。结论:持续对高校大学生进行艾滋病防治知识的宣传活动取得较好效果,大部分大学生对艾滋病的认知较好,态度包容,但对自身如何预防艾滋病的认识不够全面,对使用新型毒品易感染艾滋病的危害认识不足,无保护高危性行为后做不到及时进行艾滋病抗体检测。在今后的健康教育工作中需要采用易于接受的宣传方式并融入新的预防艾滋病的相关知识。OBJECTIVE To understand the awareness and behavior of some college students in Qingdao on HIV/AIDS,so as to provide a basis for carrying out HIV/AIDS prevention health education and disease control in colleges and universities in the future.METHODS The overall random sampling method was adopted.From 2021 to 2023,500 college students with a total of 2000 col⁃lege students are selected from each campus to conduct an electronic questionnaire survey in the AIDS prevention and treatment knowledge publicity activities in 3 universities and 4 campuses in Qingdao every year.RESULTS From 2021 to 2023,the awareness rates of college students’basic knowledge of HIV/AIDS were 90.00%,91.54%and 93.42%,respectively,and the cognitive atti⁃tude of college students towards HIV/AIDS increased year by year.The main source of knowledge was the Internet.College students had a good grasp of the basic knowledge and conceptual problems of HIV/AIDS,with an awareness rate of more than 90.00%,but some students lacked accurate understanding of the ways and methods to prevent HIV infection and avoided the use of new drugs.HIV counseling and testing should be done as soon as possible after unprotected high-risk sex,with an awareness rate of less than 90.00%.CONCLUSION The results of the survey reflect the good results of continuing to promote HIV/AIDS prevention and treat⁃ment among college students.Most college students have a good understanding of HIV/AIDS and have a tolerant attitude,but they do not have a comprehensive understanding of how to prevent HIV/AIDS and the harm of new drugs that are susceptible to HIV/AIDS,failure to get timely HIV antibody testing after unprotected high-risk sex.Future health education efforts need to be carried out with accessible communication methods and the integration of new HIV/AIDS related knowledge.

关 键 词：大学生 艾滋病 认知 行为 健康教育 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]