新中国成立初期首都规划机构的改革探索与成效评价——以1950年1月北京市都市计划委员会的改组为中心  

Exploration and evaluation of the reform of capital planning institutions in the early days of the founding of New China:Centered around the restructuring of the Beijing Urban Planning Commission in January 1950

作　　者：李浩 薛梦琪 LI Hao;XUE Mengqi

机构地区：[1]北京建筑大学建筑与城市规划学院

出　　处：《西部人居环境学刊》2024年第5期20-25,共6页Journal of Human Settlements in West China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(52178028);国家社会科学基金重大项目(19ZDA014);北京建筑大学研究生创新项目(PG2024018)。

摘　　要：1950年1月北京市都市计划委员会的改组,是新中国成立初期首都规划机构一次典型的改革探索。在广泛查阅相关档案史料的基础上,对北京市都委会早期机构概况、第一次改组的背景原因及机构变化调整进行了系统梳理,在此基础上着重分析改组的成效,进而用历史的观点评价北京市都委会的第一次改组。这是首都规划机构改革的一次大胆探索,在城市规划研究、城市规划管理和建筑设计审查等方面取得了诸多成绩,有利推动了首都各项建设活动的顺利开展。The capital planning work has spanned 75 years,and the planning agency,as the mainstay of urban planning,have undertaken reform and exploration in line with development requirements at different stages.Precisely due to the capital’s special status,Beijing faced quite complex circumstances when conducting urban planning in the early days of New China’s establishment,and there were numerous puzzles in the study of Beijing’s urban planning history:Why was the first comprehensive urban planning of Beijing only proposed in 1953?What were the achievements of research on comprehensive urban planning prior to that?These questions are closely related to the planning institution at that time,the Beijing Urban Planning Commission(hereinafter referred to as the“UPC”),and need to be clarified through rigorous historical research.Established on May 22,1949,the UPC of Beiping City underwent two significant restructurings before its dissolution in February 1955:the first restructuring at the end of January 1950 and the second in July 1953.As for the first restructuring of the UPC,it was an institutional adjustment organized by Beijing’s government agencies after the founding of New China to adapt to the needs of the new social system.After the restructuring,significant changes occurred in the UPC’s institutional nature and functions.While previous research has produced some achievements regarding the establishment and related work of the UPC,this paper starts with its first restructuring,analyzing the inducements,process,and changes of the institutional adjustment,and further evaluating the effectiveness of the UPC’s first restructuring.Firstly,the early establishment and work of the UPC are sorted out.Initially established as a deliberative body u nder t he Construction Bureau,t he U PC relied m ainly on t he planning office of the Construction Bureau for technical personnel.The work carried out during this period could be divided into two aspects:the investigation of the city’s current status and the planning

关 键 词：城市规划史 北京 都市计划委员会 首都 规划机构 

分 类 号：TU984.21[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]